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Computer Science EDEXCEL IGSCE > Programming : Unit 5-11 > Flashcards

Programming : Unit 5-11 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is execution?

A
  • the process by which a computer carries out the instructions of a computer program.
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2
Q

What are the 5 data types?

A
  • Integer.
  • Real or float.
  • Boolean
    -Character
  • string
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3
Q

What is Integer?
Real or float?
Boolean?
Character?
String?

A

Integer: used to store whole numbers without a fractional part.
Real/float: Used to store numbers with a fractional part.
Boolean: has two possible values: True or false.
Character: a letter, a symbol, a number or a space.
String: A set of characters which can include spaces and numbers they are treated as texts not numbers.

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4
Q

What is initialize?

A
  • to set variables to their starting values at the beginning of a program or sub program.
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5
Q

What is initialization?

A
  • the process of assigning an initial value to a variable.
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6
Q

What is type coercion?

A
  • the process of converting the value stored in a variable from one data type to another.
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7
Q

What are the 2 types of operators?

A
  • relational operator.
  • logical operator.
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8
Q

What is the relational operator?
logical operator?

A
  • A relational operator is an operator that tests the relationship between two entities.
  • A logical operator is a Boolean operator using AND, OR and NOT.
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9
Q

What are the 6 relational operators?

A

Equal to , greater than, greater than or equal to, less than, less than or equal to, not equal to.

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10
Q

What are the 3 logical operators?

A
  • and/ or/ not.
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11
Q

What are the 2 types of iteration?

A
  • indefinite iteration.
  • definite iteration.
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12
Q

What is a block of code?

A
  • a grouping of two or more code statements.
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13
Q

What is the use of each technique?
a. comments.
b. descriptive names.
c. Indentation.
d. white space.

A
  • comments should be used to explain what each part of the program does.
  • using descriptive identifiers for variables, constants, and subprograms helps make their purpose clear.
  • indentation. makes it easier to see where each block of code starts and finishes.
  • white space. adding blank lines between different blocks of code makes them stand out.
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14
Q

What is a string?

A
  • a sequence of characters. they can be letters, numbers, symbols, punctuation marks, or space.
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15
Q

What is a function?

A
  • a subprogram that performs a specific task and returns a value to the main program. (there are built-in functions for use but could make your own)
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16
Q

What is string traversal?

A
  • using a loop to cycle through each character in a string.
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17
Q

What is concatenation?

A

concatenation involves joining two or more items of information together

18
Q

What is a data structure?-

A

an organized collection of related elements.

19
Q

what are the 2 types of data structure commonly used?

A
  • array.
  • records.
20
Q

What is an array?

A
  • a structure that contains many items of data of the same type. the data is indexed so the item can be easily found.
21
Q

What is an index?

A
  • a number that identifies each element of an array.
22
Q

What are the 2 types of arrays?

A
  • two-dimensional arrays.
  • multi-dimensional arrays.
23
Q

What is a record?

A
  • a data structure that stores a set of related values of different data types.
24
Q

What is a field?

A
  • an individual element in a record.
25
Q

What is validation?

A
  • to check that the data entered by a user or from a file meets specified requirements.
26
Q

What are the 4 different types of validation?

A

-range check.
- presence check.
- look-up check.
- length check.

27
Q

What are the types of data used to test validation rules of a program.

A
  • normal data.
  • boundary data.
  • erroneous data.
28
Q

What is normal data?

A
  • it is the data that is within the limits of what should be accepted by a program.
29
Q

What is boundary data?

A
  • this data is the outer limits of what should be accepted by a computer.
30
Q

What is erroneous data?

A
  • this data should not be accepted by the program.
31
Q

What is a text file?

A
  • a sequence of lines, each of which consists of a sequence of characters.
32
Q

What is a file handle?

A
  • a label that is assigned to a resource needed by the program. It can only access the file through the computer’s operating system.
33
Q

What is overwritten?

A
  • if a file exists on the computer and a new file is created with the same name, the new file is kept and the old file is written over and lost
34
Q

What is logic error?

A

an error in an algorithm that results in incorrect or unexpected behaviour.

35
Q

What is trace table?

A

a technique used to identify any logic errors in algorithms. Each column represents a variable or output and each row a value of that variable.

36
Q

What are the 3 type of errors?

A
  • Runtime error.
  • Logic error.
    -Syntax error.
37
Q

Syntax error?

A
  • occur when the grammer rules of a programming language are not followed.
  • spelling errors.
    -missing commas
    -missing out a closing bracket.
  • missing out quotation marks.
38
Q

runtime error?

A

an error that occurs while the program is running- the operation the computer is asked to do is impossible to execute.

39
Q

Logic error?

A

The program seems to run normally; however, there is an error in the logic of the program means it does not produce the result you expect.

40
Q

What is IDE?

A

intergrated development environment:- a package that helps programmers to develop program code.

41
Q

What is debugger?

A
  • a computer program that assists in the detection and correction of errors in other computer programs.
42
Q

What are the erros in IDE?

A
  • Indentation error:
    -Syntax error:
  • Type error:
  • Zero Division error:
    -Name error

Computer Science EDEXCEL IGSCE (22 decks)

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