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Computer Science EDEXCEL IGSCE > Communication and the Internet : Unit 21 :Network > Flashcards

Communication and the Internet : Unit 21 :Network Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a network?

A

an arrangement of computers and other devices connected together to share resources.

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2
Q

What is network service?

A
  • an app running on a server that provides facilities / operations such as data storage, printing pr communications.
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3
Q

What are the 5 advantages of networks?

A
  • Users can share files
  • Users can share peripherals: printers and connections to other networks.
  • Users can access their files from any computer on the network.
  • Servers can control security, software updates and backup of data.
  • Communication with other people, eg: email and social networking
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4
Q

What are the 3 types of different types of networks?

A

Local area network
Wide area network
Personal area network

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5
Q

What is LAN?

A

A local area network is a network that covers a relatively small geographical area, often a single site.

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6
Q

What is WAN?

A

Wide area network - a network that covers a large geographical area. it connects two or more LANs and is usually under shared ownership.

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7
Q

What is WLAN?

A

A wireless local area network is a local area network in which connected devices use high frequency radio waves to communicate.

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8
Q

What is PAN?

A

personal area network is a network used for data transmission over short distances by computer devices, such as laptops, mobile phones, tablets, media players, speakers and printers.

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9
Q

What is Bluetooth?

A

a protocol for the short-range wireless interconnection of mobile phones, computers and other electronic devices.

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10
Q

What are the two main models relating to computer networks?

A
  • client-server network
  • peer-to-peer networks
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11
Q

What is the client-server network?

A

a network that has at least one server to provide services to the client computers

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12
Q

What is the peer-to-peer network?

A

a network that doesn’t have any dedicated servers. Each computer in the network can act as a client.

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13
Q

What is network topology?

A

describes how the devices on a network are connected together.

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14
Q

What are the four network topologies?

A
  • bus.
  • ring.
  • star.
  • mesh.
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15
Q

What is the internet?

A
  • a worldwide system of interconnected networks that enables information to be exchanged and shared.
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16
Q

What is communication media?

A
  • communication media are how the means by which data is transmitted between devices on a network.
    (coaxial cable, fibre optic cable, and microwaves are all forms)
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17
Q

What are the two ways that computers can be connected together to form a network?

A
  • wired.
  • wirelessly.
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18
Q

How are the characteristics of wired and wireless networks impact on performance?

A
  • speed.(wired more than wireless)
  • range.(wireless more than wired)
  • latency. (wireless more than wired)
  • bandwidth.(wired more than wireless)
  • bit error rate/ rate of corruption.(wireless more than wired)
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19
Q

What are the 3 types of communication media?

A
  • coaxial cable.
  • fibre -optic cable.
  • copper cable.
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20
Q

What is the protocol?
Eavesdrop?

A
  • a set of rules that govern how communications on a network should be formatted and what data they should include.
  • eavesdrop having unauthorized sight of data being sent from one computer to another over a network.
21
Q

What are the 4 disadvantages of networking?

A
  • Increased security risks to data.
    -Malware and viruses spread very easily between computers,
  • If a server fails, the computers connected to it may not work.
  • The computer may run more slowly if there is a lot of data traveling on the network.
22
Q

What are the 3 benefits of being able to measure the speed of a network?

A
  • allows you to discover whether an equipment upgrade is necessary,
  • estimate how long it will take to download a file.
  • discover whether actual performance lives up to the promises made by the service provider.
23
Q

How to calculate the time needed to transmit a file?

A
  1. Convert file size from megabytes to bits.
  2. Convert the transmission speed from Mbps to bits per second.
      File size in bits --------------------------------------- transimission speed for bits per second (Mbps-- bps)
24
Q

What is latency?

A

latency is the delay encountered by data travelling through a network.

25
Q

What are the 3 steps in how client-server networks work?

A
  1. Connection Establishment:

Step 1: Request from Client: The client initiates a request for information or service by sending a request to the server. This request is in the form of a specific command or data query.
Step 2: Server Response: Upon receiving the request, the server processes it and sends back a response. This response could be the requested information or an acknowledgment of the command execution.
Data Transmission:

Step 3: Data Exchange: Once the connection is established, the client and server engage in data transmission. The client might send further requests for additional information or services, and the server responds .
Termination of Connection:

Step 4: Session Termination: When the client no longer requires services the client initiates the termination of the connection.
Step 5: Closing Connection: The server acknowledges the termination request, and both the client and server close the connection.

26
Q

What are the 3 features of client-to-server?
limitations.

A
  • cannot switch roles.
  • back up and store data centrally.
  • provide centralized control.
  • can be expensive and difficult to run.
27
Q

What are the 5 features of peer-to-peer?

A
  • no dedicated servers.
  • each computer is equally in responsible and each can work as a both client and a server.
  • each computer is responsible for data.
  • simpler to set up and maintain
  • no managed security and back up
28
Q

What are the 4 advantages of bus topology? 3 disadvantages of bus topology?

A

Ad:
- less cable is needed.
- no specialized device.
- simple to set up,
- Easy to add new device.t
Dis:
- if bus fails then no devices can communicate,
- data collisions occur, lowering performance.
- security issue as all devices receive all data packets sent

29
Q

What are the 4 advantages of Ring topology? 3 disadvantages of ring topology?

A

Ad:
- No specialized device (like a hub or a switch)
- Simple to understand and set up.
- no data collisions as only the token is sent around.

30
Q

What are the 4 advantages of star topology? 3 disadvantages of star topology?

A

Ad:
- if one cable or device fails the other devices will be unaffected.
- cables aren’t shared so few data collisions
- high performance.
- easy to add new devices.

Dis:
- expensive to install, due to lots of cabling and central device.
- central device may slow down the network.
- if central device fails, then so will the whole network.

31
Q

What are the 4 advantages of mesh topology? 3 disadvantages of mesh topology?

A

Ad:
- if one cable stops working there are backup services.
- fast as they can communicate directly.
- few data collisions will occur.

Dis:
- if the bus fails then no devices can communicate.
- data collisions occur lowering performance.
- security issue as all devices receive all the data packets sent.

32
Q

What are the 4 advantages of wired connections? 3 disadvantages of wired connections?

A

Ad:
- speed: faster than wireless connectivity.
- security: not easy to intercept or eavesdrop on data.
- Reliability: less susceptible to interference than wireless connectivity.
- Stability: there may often not be any congestion.
Dis:
- expensive to install and reconfigure.
- Limited Mobility as it requires many cables at a premise.
- Vulnerability to Physical Damage: Wired connections are susceptible to damage from physical factors.

33
Q

What are the 4 advantages of wireless connections? 3 disadvantages of wireless connections?

A

Ad:
- No need for a cable to connect devices or to the Internet.
- Allow users to use their own device.
- A wider range of devices can communicate with each other.
Dis :
- Data transmission speeds can be slow.
- there can be interference from other wireless devices can adversely affect performance.
- data needs to be encrypted in order to prevent eavesdropping or interception.

34
Q

What are protocols?

A

protocols are a set of rules that control how communication between devices are formatted.

35
Q

What are email protocols?

A

this protocol controls how emails are transported from one device to another.

36
Q

What are the 8 things protocols might include?

A
37
Q

What are the 3 main email protocols used?

A
  • SMTP - simple mail transfer protocol.
  • POP3 - post office protocol.
  • IMAP - internet message access protocol.
38
Q

What are the 3 network protocols?

A
  • Ethernet.
  • Wi-fi
  • TCP/IP
39
Q

What is the ethernet?

A
  • Ethernet is a family of protocols that are used in wired LANS.
40
Q

What is Wi-Fi?

A

-Wi - fi is digital communications protocol that sets out how data is transmitted on wireless LANs.

41
Q

What is TCP?

A
  • Transmission Control Protocol provides a reliable connection between computers.
42
Q

What is TCP/ IP?

A
  • TCP/ IP (transmission control protocol/ Internet Protocol) is a protocol stack it is a collection of protocols that will work together.
43
Q

What are the comparisons of characteristics of wired and wireless networks on performance? a. Range b. Latency

A

a. Wireless connections have a far shorter range than wired.
b. Latency tends to be worse with wireless connections over wired-latency

44
Q

What is a packet?

A
  • a small quantity of data being sent through network.
45
Q

What are the protocol layers in TCP/IP?

A
  • Application.
  • Transport.
  • Internet.
  • Link.
46
Q

What is web server?

A

-it is a powerful computer system that stores web pages and any multimedia that the pages might contain.

47
Q

What are the 6 protocols of the application layer?

A
  • FTP
  • HTTP
  • HTTPS
  • SMTP
  • POP
  • IMAP
48
Q

What are the benefits using networking layers?

A
  • it makes the overall model easier to understand.
  • each layer is specialized to perform a particular function.
  • Different layers can be combined in different ways.
  • one layer can be developed or changed without affecting the other layers.
  • makes it easier to identify and correct networking errors.
  • provides a universal standard for hardware and software.

Computer Science EDEXCEL IGSCE (22 decks)

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