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Neuromuscular Rehabilitation > Program Planning and Intervention: Alternative Approaches > Flashcards

Program Planning and Intervention: Alternative Approaches Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the feldenkrais method

A
  • Enhancement of sensorimotor communication in order to adopt another pattern or strategy
  • Teaches learner how to move efficiently
  • Promotes problem solving and awareness of movement
  • Cognitive approach
  • Usually done in group sessions
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2
Q

What are the intervention goals of the feldenkrais method?

A
  • Improve posture, flexibility, coordination, movement, and efficiency
  • Enhance personal growth, emotional and physical well-being
  • Eliminate pain in and movement restrictions
  • Minimize work-related stretch
  • Improve function of individuals with orthopedic and neurologic problems
  • Refine performance skills for athletes, actors, musicians, and dancers
  • Teaches use of whole brain
  • Develop greater thinking capabilities
  • Increases ability to experience pleasure
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3
Q

What are intervention techniques of the feldenkrais method?

A
  • Awareness through movement: verbally directed sequence of movement activities in various positions done slow and gentle to allow the learner to explore options other than their current habitual strategies for moving
  • Functional integration: guided touch and movement provided by the teacher in various positions
  • Cognitive awareness of movement is important
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4
Q

What is conductive education?

A
  • Educational approach based on the theory that difficulties with motor dysfunction of children are due to problems of learning
  • Independence for the child is achieved by learning how to overcome or compensate for their limitations
  • Teaches HOW to move in order to solve a motor problem
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5
Q

What are the intervention goals for conduction education?

A

Function independently without aids through intensive daylong programming

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6
Q

What are intervention techniques of conduction education?

A
  • Children are treated in groups by “conductors”
  • Functional goals/life skills are divided into multiple steps
  • Children initiate activities on their own after mental preparation
  • Use of practice
  • 6-7 hours a day over several weeks
  • Cognitive approach
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7
Q

What is aquatic exercise/physical therapy?

A

Patients perform therapy program, independently or assisted, while submerged in water

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8
Q

What are intervention techniques of aquatic exercise therapy?

A
  • General adjustment to water
  • Active and passive stretching
  • Using assistance or resistance to increase strength and endurance
  • Relaxation using local heat, massage, joint traction, weights, manipulation, pulling or towing, pendular movements, floating, autogenic relaxation, breathing exercises, progressive relaxation
  • Aerobic programs
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9
Q

What are the physiological effects of aquatic therapy?

A
  • Increased RR, blood to muscles, metabolic rate, superficial circulation, HR, blood return to the heart
  • Decreased BP, edema, sensitivity of sensory nerve endings, general muscle activity (muscles relax)
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10
Q

What are the therapeutic effects of aquatic therapy?

A
  • Increased joint movement, muscle strength/endurance, peripheral circulation, respiratory muscle strength, body awareness, balance, proximal trunk stability, patient morale and confidence
  • Decreased pain sensitivity, muscle spasms/spasticity, gravity forces for initiating movement
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11
Q

What water temperature may decrease hypertonicity?

A

89-94 degrees

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12
Q

What are some precautions of aquatic therapy?

A
  • Contraindicated in patients with MS unless patient wears a cooling vest
  • Cardiac conditions
  • Incontinence
  • Extreme hypertension
  • Behavioral unpredictability
  • Uncontrolled seizure disorders
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13
Q

What is hippotherapy?

A

Horseback riding to manage patients with movement dysfunctions

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14
Q

What are the intervention goals of hippotherapy?

A
  • Improve posture, balance, mobility, coordination, strength, flexibility, and function
  • Provides multiple sensory inputs including vestibular, visual, and proprioception
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15
Q

What is the intervention technique of hippotherapy?

A
  • Passive/active-assisted/active form of therapeutic riding
  • Individual sits or is placed in various positions on the horse
  • Accommodates themselves to the movements of the horse
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16
Q

What are the indications for hippotherapy?

A
  • Gait abnormalities
  • Pelvis/spine/hip dysfunction
  • Atypical muscle tone
  • Poor postural control
  • Sensorimotor integration dysfunction
  • Altered tactile perception
  • Decreased strength/endurance
  • Decreased ROM
  • Poor respiratory function
  • Poor circulation
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17
Q

What are the contraindications to hippotherapy?

A
  • Fractures
  • Severe osteoporosis
  • Uncontrolled seizures
  • Open wounds
  • Unstable spine
  • Structural scoliosis greater than 30 degrees
  • AA instability
  • Dislocation
  • Cystitis
  • Phlebitis
  • Infection
18
Q

What are precautions of hippotherapy?

A
  • Sensory deficits
  • Skin condition
  • Spinal cord injury above the mid-thoracic area
  • Recent surgery
  • Serious heart condition
  • Severe obesity
  • Hip dislocation/subluxation
  • Very poor endurance
  • PVD
  • Craniotomy
  • Hemorrhagic stroke secondary to high BP
19
Q

What are the benefits of hippotherapy?

A
  • Facilitates normal gait components
  • Gentle mobilization of spine, pelvis, and hip alters muscle tone, improves head/trunk control, improves postural alignment, increase sensory control
  • Develop balance reactions
  • Improve muscle strength/endurance/joint ROM
  • Improve cardiopulmonary functions
  • Improved self-esteem, confidence, motivation, and attention span
20
Q

What is the intervention goal of partial body weight supported therapy?

A

Early gait training through dynamic and task specific approach that integrates weight-bearing, stepping, and balance

21
Q

What are the intervention techniques of partial body weight supported therapy?

A
  • Overhead suspension system/harness used to support a percentage of a patient’s body weight as they walk
  • Decrease support progressively as gait pattern improves
22
Q

What is strength training and what are some intervention techniques?

A
  • Use of resistive exercise in children with neuromuscular dysfunction
  • PREs through full ROM
  • 2-3X a week for short intervals (approx. 30 mins), resistance added gradually
  • Demonstration of exercises
  • Creativity in development of exercises (make child intersted)
23
Q

What is hyperbaric oxygen therapy and what is the intervention technique?

A
  • Patient in cylindrical, body-length chamber that contains pure oxygen under controlled pressure
  • 60-120 minute sessions, varying number of sessions per pt
24
Q

What are the intervention goals of hyperbaric oxygen chamber therapy?

A
  • Reduce pressure in brain to restore functions of blood-brain barrier and cell membrane to neutralize toxic products in the brain
  • Scavenger of free radicals, promotes internal cleaning of debris
  • Enhance growth of new blood vessels
  • Provide ideal environment for growth of new brain tissue
25
Q

What is constraint-induced movement therapy and what are the intervention techniques?

A
  • Restricting movement of unaffected limb for most/all of waking hours for 2-3 consecutive weeks
  • Training affected limb for many hours per day
  • Usually a combination of both techniques stated above
  • Repetition of use/ADLs with involved extremitiy
26
Q

What are the intervention goals of constraint-induced movement therapy?

A
  • Reduce motor deficits after neuromuscular insult
  • Increase functional independence
27
Q

What is yoga and what are some intervention techniques?

A
  • Hindu spiritual discipline that is widely practiced for health and relaxation
  • Asanas: poses that involve standing, twisting, bending forward, arm balances, inversions
  • Moving mediation: being present in the moment with flow from posture to posture with use if control of mind and breath control
28
Q

What are intervention goals of yoga?

A
  • Improve strength, flexibility, and balance
  • Decrease violence, aggression, behavioral outbursts
  • Improves mood and emotional regulation anxiety by decreasing stress
  • Improves participation in class, test scores, and academic performance
  • Regulate nervous system by increasing the body’s ability to respond to stress
29
Q

What is dance/movement therapy and what are some intervention techniques?

A
  • Use of movement to promote emotional, social, cognitive, and motor skills of the individual (mind, body, and spirit connection)
  • Variety of types of dance depending on the individual
30
Q

What are the intervention goal of dance/movement therapy?

A

Improve relaxation, stress management, motor planning, strength, flexibility, coordination, non-verbal and verbal communication, peer-to-peer interaction if delivered in group setting

31
Q

What can you do if there is a precaution in dance/movement therapy?

A

Modifications may be needed to promote the safety of the patient

32
Q

What is therapeutic/infant massage/BART and what are the intervention techniques?

A
  • Therapeutic massage/bonding and relaxation techniques
  • Techniques vary from gentle to vigorous
33
Q

What are the intervention goals of therapeutic/infant massage/BART?

A
  • Benefits for infants, particular those who were born pre-mature
  • Improve gastrointestinal function, blood and lymphatic circulation, weight-gain, decreasing tactile hypersensitivity, promoting parent-infant bonding, calming and comforting, respiration
34
Q

What are contraindications of therapeutic/infant massage/BART?

A
  • Infection
  • Abnormal body temp
  • Influenza
  • Sever upper respiratory infection
  • Tuberculosis
  • Congenital hip dysplasia
  • Wounds
35
Q

What is myofascial release and what are the intervention techniques?

A
  • Release of connective tissue
  • Musculoskeletal rehabilitation
  • Low load, long duration, gentle stretch applied at line of muscle fibers or fascia
36
Q

What are the goals of myofascial release?

A
  • Release fascial restrictions
  • Change fascial structure, allowing for functional change in ROM
37
Q

What is mobilization and what are the intervention techniques?

A
  • One hand stabilizing the body while the other hand mobilizes
  • Consider direction, velocity, and amplitude of movement
  • No greater that grade 3
38
Q

What are the contraindications to myofascial release?

A
  • Systemic or localized infection
  • Acute inflammation
  • Open wounds
  • Healing fractures, osteoporosis
  • Cancer
  • Hypotonia
39
Q
A
40
Q

What are the contraindications of mobilization?

A
  • Osteoporosis
  • Joint inflammation
  • Hypermobility
40
Q

What is electric stimulation and what are some intervention techniques?

A
  • Stimulation of nerves via electrodes
  • Neuromuscular e-stim (NMES)
  • Functional e-stim (FES)
  • Therapeutic e-stim (TES)
  • Sensory level e-stim (SLES)
41
Q

What are some intervention goals of electric stimulation?

A
  • Improve/maintain ROM
  • Improve strength
  • Facilitate voluntary muscle control
  • Reduce hypertonia
  • Motor re-education
  • Functional orthosis

Neuromuscular Rehabilitation (12 decks)

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