Program Planning and Intervention Flashcards
In terms of plasticity, what is recovery dependent on?
- Site of damage
- Extent of the damage
- Single or multi-focal events
- Age at time of damage
- Experiences pre-damage and post-damage
True or False
Facilitation models are clinician driven and motor control and motor learning task oriented models are evidence driven
True
What are some basic assumptions of facilitation models?
- The brain controls movement, not muscles, so CNS damage leads to disordered patterns of movement
- Patient’s movements can be altered by applying certain sensory input
- CNS is organized hierarchically
- Recovery from brain damage follows a predictable sequence that parallels typical development
What are some basic assumptions of task oriented models for motor control and motor learning?
- Most skilled movements are dependent on pre-planned patterns of neural output to muscles
- Motor programs ad movement occurs in response to a motor problem presented to the CNS
What is NDT?
- Intervention approach
- N = neuro: the brain and nerves
- D = developmental: emphasis on typical motor components and movements
- T = Treatment: management philosophy for treatment of CNS damage
What is NDT based on?
Based on typical development and using therapeutic equipment to link movements to function
What are some philosophical statements in NDT?
- Treatment must be active dynamic and functional
- Should begin early and be developmentally based
- Treatment should be provided by a team
What are some fundamental principles of NDT?
- Treat patient as a whole person
- Individualized intervention
- Intervention is based on typical movement strategies
- Intervention is automatic (movement in response to something, no artificial situations such as “1,2,3 go!”)
- Intervention should challenge the patient
What are the basic rules to NDT?
- Intervention must be based in function
- Treat patient in millimeters and microseconds
- Repeat, repeat, repeat
- Consider latency from response to stimulus
- Treat in past, present, and future (PLOF, current LOF, future LOF)
What are the current principles of NDT?
- Treatment strategies often include preparation and simulation of critical components of the task
- Create environment conducive to cooperative participation and support of the patient’s efforts
- Individual treatment sessions are designed to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment within the session
What influences key points of control?
- Needs of task
- Needs of patient
- Muscles that need to be activated
What are key points of control in NDT?
- Where on the patient you place your hands
- Force is directed in/proximally, down into the BOS, and in the direction of movement
What is a facilitation technique and what are some examples?
- Techniques that make movement/posture easier or more likely to occur during functional activities
- Weightbearing, compression, placing and holding, bouncing, tapping (inhibitory, pressure, alternate, and sweep)
What is a inhibition technique and what are some examples?
- Techniques that make movement/posture less likely to occur for efficacy in function
- Manual vibration, slow rotation, prolonged deep pressure, weightbearing, weightshifting, traction
Why may equipment be used in NDT?
- Adjunct to handling
- Challenges movement strategies
- Decrease gravitational force
- Challenges posture
- Accommodate structural deformity
- Support patient
- Motivating and fun
