Professor Quizzes Flashcards
Hypertrophic osteopathy- thickening of the periosteum. Usually affects long bones of the extremeties (radius, ulna, tibia, metacarpals and metatarsals).
Rickets- the growth plate is thickened, due to the persistence of HYPERTROPHIC chondrocytes which do not degenerate and undergo necrosis. Because there is no mineralization of the cartilage matrix they produced; when the ossification front approaches there is no vascular invasion from the metaphysis and no bone formation as a consequence. The lesion can be indistinguishable from chondrodysplasia.
What happens in endochondral ossification?
- Degeneration of hypertrophic chondrocytes and mineralization of cartilage matrix
- Vascular invasion of lacunar spaces from metaphyseal vessels
- Osteoprogenitor cells invade with capillaries
- Osteoprogenitor cells differentiate into osteoblasts
- Osteoblasts deposit osteoid on spicules of mineralized cartilage
- Osteoid is mineralized to form bone.
Tibial tuberosity
Medial condyle of the femur
Extensor fossa of the femur
Epihyoid, ceratohyoid, basihyoid
which ligament wraps around what in the stay apparatus?
Medial patellar ligament flips over the medial epicondyle of the femur
Referring the where each species places most of their weight on their feet, what is a squirrel, dog, and deer?
What is the check ligament?
Tentorium cerebelli
Cribiform plate
Ramus of the right mandible
Mental foramen
Left paracondylar process
Rostal alar foramen (opening in the skull through which the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve emerges)
What is the box?
stylomastoid foramen
Masseteric fossa
iii. Parathyroid hormone
iv. inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins
