Imaging Flashcards
What dogs will have an open fontanelle?
Brachiocephalic breeds. Also chihuahuas.
Intracranial pressure keeps the open fontanelle from closing in adults.
Are fibrous joints visible on radiographs?
No.
Can you see cartilaginous joints on an X-ray?
Yes as a lucent line.
costochondral junctions, pubic symphysis, sacroiliac joint
If you have a problem in a coxofemoral joint, for example, what can you do to get a better X-ray?
Positional radiography
What does stress radiography reveal about joints?
Maximal joint laxity
When evaluating musculoskeletal radiographs, what do we look for?
Alignment- alignment of limbs and bones
Bone- bone loss or production
Cartilage- cartilage thickness- OCD?
Soft tissue- swelling, atrophy, or changes in opacity
(ABCS)
If you’re looking at the soft tissues around joints, what imaging would you use?
Ultrasound
What joints are evaluated using ultrasound?
* equine fetlock
* shoulder- biceps and supraspinatous tendons
* stifle
* equine carpus and tarsus
* equine hip
What are some signs of joint disease on an ultrasound?
Effusion, synovial thickening, articular cartilage & subchondral bone irregularities
What is an osteophyte and an enthesophyte?
Osteophye- new bone at the joint margins, on the edge of articular cartilage
Enthesophyte- new bone at the origin or insertion
When would you use scintigraphy with musculoskeletal imaging?
Areas of bone “activity” complemented with radiographs and ultrasounds to form a diagnosis.
If possible, what would CT be excellent for with MSK imaging? What about MRI?
CT- Joint disease- more sensitive and specific, 3D
MRI- very sensitive for MSK pathology more so than CT- joint lameness especially equine distal limb
Predilection sites for Osteochondrosis (OC) in the dog?
KNOW THESE
What are predilection sites for Osteochondrosis in the horse?
KNOW THESE
