Procoagulant Therapies Flashcards
These coagulation factors are made in the liver, so if you’re an alcoholic, you’ll have low levels of these factors due to liver cirrhosis, and you’ll have a difficult time coagulating.
2, 7, 9, and 10.
Vitamin K is needed to make these coagulation factors.
2, 7, 9, and 10.
Factor Xa job.
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Role of Thrombin
Converts Fibrinogen to fibrin (forms fibrin clot)
Role of Plasmin
Fibrinolytic- breaks down the fibrin clot.
Topical hemostatic agents
Gelatin Gelfoam Hemostatic collagen Oxidized cellulose Topical thrombin Fibrin sealants
A gelatin that can be placed topically to cause hemostasis.
Gelfoam
Biologically active topical hemostatic agents.
Topical Thrombin and Fibrin sealants.
Physical topical hemostatic agents.
Hemostatic Collagen
Gelatin Gelfoam
Oxidized cellulose
One of the most potent activators of clot formation; Gets exposed to activate the clotting cascade.
Collagen
This hemostatic agent makes a mechanical matrix that causes clotting.
Gelfoam
A scaffold that gets platelets to stick and form a clot.
Collagen
The most thrombogenic component of the extracellular matrix.
Collagen
This hemostatic agent is held in place for 2-5 mins to cause hemostasis, and is resorbable in 2-8 weeks.
Collagen
Expands 3-4 times into a gelatinous mass and is bactericidal bc of its low pH.
Adsorbs blood that aids in clotting (Saturates with blood at the bleeding site to form a gelatinous mass).
Cellulose (Surgicel)
This hemostatic agent is bactericidal due to its low pH.
Cellulose.
Stabilizes the blood clot by converting fibrinogen to fibrin, reinforcing the fibrin mesh for platelet plugs.
Topical Thrombin
Caution to take with Thrombin when using it as a hemostatic agent.
MUST only use it TOPICALLY bc if it gets into the circulation, it can cause thrombosis.
Dual syringe two-component system of Fibrinogen and Thrombin
Fibrin sealants
Promote clot formation
1) Desmopressin
2) Factor 7a
3) Platelet Rich Plasma
Desmopressin MOA
Causes the release of Factor 8 and vWF to form a clot.
Converts Factor X to Xa.
Factor 7
Another name for Factor 2.
Prothrombin
Composition of a PRP clot.
94% PLATELETS
5% RBC’s
1% WBC’s
Two Anti-Fibrinolytics
Aminocaproic Acid
Tranexamic Acid
What do anti-fibrinolytic agents degrade/inhibit?
Plasmin
Aminocaproic and Tranexamic Acids are analogs of this amino acid.
Lysine
This amino acid is found in blood clots and is bound by Plasminogen when it’s time to degrade the clot.
Lysine
This anti-fibrinolytic agent prevents the activation of plasminogen.
Aminocaproic Acid
These should be used when platelet transfusion doesn’t work.
Desmopressin and anti-fibrinolytic agents.
