Anti-Arryhthmic Drugs

Question 1

Most common type of arrythmia.

Answer 1

Atrial fibrillation (AFib)

Question 2

Class I anti-arrhythmic drugs

Answer 2

Procainamide
Lidocaine
Flecainide

Question 3

What do class I anti-arrhythmic drugs block?

Answer 3

Na+ Channels

Question 4

What do class II anti-arrhythmic drugs block?

Answer 4

Beta receptors

Question 5

What do class III anti-arrhythmic drugs block?

Answer 5

K+ Channels

Question 6

Example of class II anti-arrhythmic drug

Answer 6

Metoprolol

Question 7

Example of a class III anti-arrhythmic drug

Answer 7

Amiodarone

Question 8

Slow response tissues in the heart.

Answer 8

SA and AV node

Question 9

This part of the heart displays automaticity, allowing it to spontaneously depolarize.

Answer 9

SA Node

Question 10

P wave

Answer 10

Atria depolarize

Question 11

QRS Complex

Answer 11

Ventricles depolarize

Question 12

T wave

Answer 12

Ventricles repolarize

Question 13

QT Interval

Answer 13

The entire period of ventricular de and re-polarization

Question 14

ST Interval

Answer 14

The period during which the ventricles are depolarized

Question 15

Name of the current and phase that causes depolarization of SA node cells.

Answer 15

Pacemaker Current/ Phase 4

Question 16

What occurs during phase 4?

Answer 16

Inward flow of Na (mostly) and Calcium

Question 17

What occurs during phase 0?

Answer 17

Depolarization causes voltage-gated Calcium channels to open and Calcium rushes into the cells.

Question 18

At what phase of the pacemaker action potential do the Calcium channels close and the potassium channels open for the membrane to repolarize?

Answer 18

Phase 3

Question 19

In the SA nodal cells, it’s ________ that causes depolarization, this is important!

Answer 19

CALCIUM

Question 20

Which phase has a brief initial repolarization (K+ outflow).

Answer 20

Phase 1

Question 21

Phase 2

Answer 21

Inward Calcium and Outward Potassium

Question 22

The SA nodal membrane repolarizes during this phase (less Calcium input, and Potassium output predominates).

Answer 22

Phase 3

Question 23

The most common arrhythmia

Answer 23

Atrial fibrillation

Question 24

A type of ventricular tacchycardia.

Answer 24

Torsades de Pointes

Question 25

Different parts of the atria fire at random and in an uncoordinated fashion.

Answer 25

Atrial fibrillation

Question 26

Drug treatment for people with Afib.

Answer 26

ANTI-COAGULANTS and anti-arrhythmic drugs

Question 27

Risk of _____ for people with afib

Answer 27

Stroke

Question 28

Role of Factor Xa

Answer 28

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

Question 29

Role of Thrombin

Answer 29

Converts Fibrinogen to Fibrin

Question 30

Role of Fibrin

Answer 30

Forms a fibrin clot

Question 31

Traditional anticoagulant

Answer 31

Warfarin

Question 32

Verapamil and Deltiazam

Answer 32

Class IV Calcium channel blockers

Question 33

Class 1a anti-arrhythmic

Answer 33

Quinidine

Question 34

Class 1b anti-arrhythmic

Answer 34

Lidocaine

Question 35

Class 1c anti-arrhythmic

Answer 35

Flecainide

Question 36

Class 2 anti-arrhythmic

Answer 36

Metoprolol

Question 37

Rate control drugs

Answer 37

Metoprolol and Diltiazem

Question 38

Rhythm control drug

Answer 38

Amiodarone

Question 39

These channel blockers control heart rhythm

Answer 39

Sodium channel blockers (Class 1 anti-arrhythmic drugs)

Question 40

Two functions of Na channel blockers (Class 1 anti-arrhythmic drugs)

Answer 40

1) Prevent depolarization of SA nodal cells. | 2) Act on ventricular myocytes to prevent reentry.

Question 41

These anti-arrhythmic drugs decrease automaticity of SA nodal cells.

Answer 41

Sodium channel blockers (Class 1 anti-arrhythmics)

Question 42

Act on ventricular myocytes to control heart rhythm and slow re-entry.

Answer 42

Sodium channel blockers

Question 43

Na channel blockers control heart ________. Beta blockers control heart __________. K channel blockers control heart ________. Ca channel blockers control heart _____.

Answer 43

Rhythm Rate Rhythm Rate

Question 44

This class of anti-arrhythmic drugs blocks sympathetic stimulation of beta 1 receptors to the SA and AV nodes.

Answer 44

Class II drugs

Question 45

This class II anti-arrhythmic is a beta 1 blocker.

Answer 45

Metoprolol

Question 46

This class of anti-arrhythmic drugs block Potassium channels.

Answer 46

Class 3 drugs

Question 47

MOA of Class 3 anti-arrhythmic drugs

Answer 47

Prolong repolarization, causing the propagation of the electrical signal to go slower.

Question 48

Example of a class 3 anti-arrhythmic drug.

Answer 48

Amiodarone

Question 49

Calcium channel blockers (class 4 anti-arrhythmic drugs) control heart ________.

Answer 49

Rate

Question 50

Class 4 anti-arrhythmics MOA.

Answer 50

Prolong the time it takes for the electrical signal to go from the SA to AV node.

Question 51

Examples of Class 4 anti-arrhythmic drugs.

Answer 51

Verapamil and Diltiazam

Question 52

Another name for Class 4 anti-arrhythmic drugs.

Answer 52

Nonhydropyridines

Question 53

How do defibrillators work?

Answer 53

They inhibit fibrillation by administering an electric shock to the heart to allow the body's normal sinus rhythm to take over.

Question 54

Dental implications of non-selective beta blockers.

Answer 54

Cause bronchoconstriction and hypertension

Question 55

Side effect of Diltiazem.

Answer 55

Inhibits CYP3A4, so it prevents the metabolism of benzodiazapenes (for anxiety).