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Exam 3 > Anti-Arryhthmic Drugs > Flashcards

Anti-Arryhthmic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Most common type of arrythmia.

A

Atrial fibrillation (AFib)

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2
Q

Class I anti-arrhythmic drugs

A

Procainamide
Lidocaine
Flecainide

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3
Q

What do class I anti-arrhythmic drugs block?

A

Na+ Channels

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4
Q

What do class II anti-arrhythmic drugs block?

A

Beta receptors

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5
Q

What do class III anti-arrhythmic drugs block?

A

K+ Channels

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6
Q

Example of class II anti-arrhythmic drug

A

Metoprolol

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7
Q

Example of a class III anti-arrhythmic drug

A

Amiodarone

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8
Q

Slow response tissues in the heart.

A

SA and AV node

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9
Q

This part of the heart displays automaticity, allowing it to spontaneously depolarize.

A

SA Node

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10
Q

P wave

A

Atria depolarize

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11
Q

QRS Complex

A

Ventricles depolarize

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12
Q

T wave

A

Ventricles repolarize

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13
Q

QT Interval

A

The entire period of ventricular de and re-polarization

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14
Q

ST Interval

A

The period during which the ventricles are depolarized

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15
Q

Name of the current and phase that causes depolarization of SA node cells.

A

Pacemaker Current/ Phase 4

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16
Q

What occurs during phase 4?

A

Inward flow of Na (mostly) and Calcium

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17
Q

What occurs during phase 0?

A

Depolarization causes voltage-gated Calcium channels to open and Calcium rushes into the cells.

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18
Q

At what phase of the pacemaker action potential do the Calcium channels close and the potassium channels open for the membrane to repolarize?

A

Phase 3

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19
Q

In the SA nodal cells, it’s ________ that causes depolarization, this is important!

A

CALCIUM

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20
Q

Which phase has a brief initial repolarization (K+ outflow).

A

Phase 1

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21
Q

Phase 2

A

Inward Calcium and Outward Potassium

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22
Q

The SA nodal membrane repolarizes during this phase (less Calcium input, and Potassium output predominates).

A

Phase 3

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23
Q

The most common arrhythmia

A

Atrial fibrillation

24
Q

A type of ventricular tacchycardia.

A

Torsades de Pointes

25
Q

Different parts of the atria fire at random and in an uncoordinated fashion.

A

Atrial fibrillation

26
Q

Drug treatment for people with Afib.

A

ANTI-COAGULANTS and anti-arrhythmic drugs

27
Q

Risk of _____ for people with afib

28
Q

Role of Factor Xa

A

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

29
Q

Role of Thrombin

A

Converts Fibrinogen to Fibrin

30
Q

Role of Fibrin

A

Forms a fibrin clot

31
Q

Traditional anticoagulant

32
Q

Verapamil and Deltiazam

A

Class IV Calcium channel blockers

33
Q

Class 1a anti-arrhythmic

34
Q

Class 1b anti-arrhythmic

35
Q

Class 1c anti-arrhythmic

A

Flecainide

36
Q

Class 2 anti-arrhythmic

A

Metoprolol

37
Q

Rate control drugs

A

Metoprolol and Diltiazem

38
Q

Rhythm control drug

A

Amiodarone

39
Q

These channel blockers control heart rhythm

A

Sodium channel blockers (Class 1 anti-arrhythmic drugs)

40
Q

Two functions of Na channel blockers (Class 1 anti-arrhythmic drugs)

A

1) Prevent depolarization of SA nodal cells.

2) Act on ventricular myocytes to prevent reentry.

41
Q

These anti-arrhythmic drugs decrease automaticity of SA nodal cells.

A

Sodium channel blockers (Class 1 anti-arrhythmics)

42
Q

Act on ventricular myocytes to control heart rhythm and slow re-entry.

A

Sodium channel blockers

43
Q

Na channel blockers control heart ________.
Beta blockers control heart __________.
K channel blockers control heart ________.
Ca channel blockers control heart _____.

A

Rhythm
Rate
Rhythm
Rate

44
Q

This class of anti-arrhythmic drugs blocks sympathetic stimulation of beta 1 receptors to the SA and AV nodes.

A

Class II drugs

45
Q

This class II anti-arrhythmic is a beta 1 blocker.

A

Metoprolol

46
Q

This class of anti-arrhythmic drugs block Potassium channels.

A

Class 3 drugs

47
Q

MOA of Class 3 anti-arrhythmic drugs

A

Prolong repolarization, causing the propagation of the electrical signal to go slower.

48
Q

Example of a class 3 anti-arrhythmic drug.

A

Amiodarone

49
Q

Calcium channel blockers (class 4 anti-arrhythmic drugs) control heart ________.

50
Q

Class 4 anti-arrhythmics MOA.

A

Prolong the time it takes for the electrical signal to go from the SA to AV node.

51
Q

Examples of Class 4 anti-arrhythmic drugs.

A

Verapamil and Diltiazam

52
Q

Another name for Class 4 anti-arrhythmic drugs.

A

Nonhydropyridines

53
Q

How do defibrillators work?

A

They inhibit fibrillation by administering an electric shock to the heart to allow the body’s normal sinus rhythm to take over.

54
Q

Dental implications of non-selective beta blockers.

A

Cause bronchoconstriction and hypertension

55
Q

Side effect of Diltiazem.

A

Inhibits CYP3A4, so it prevents the metabolism of benzodiazapenes (for anxiety).

Exam 3 (9 decks)

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