Anti-Coagulant and Anti-Thrombotic Drugs

Question 1

Platelet phase of hemostasis

Answer 1

Primary hemostasis

Question 2

Coagulation phase of hemostasis

Answer 2

Secondary hemostasis

Question 3

These protrusions are found on activated platelets.

Answer 3

Fibrin protrusions

Question 4

Activated platelets secrete these:

Answer 4

ADP, Thromboxane, and Serotonin

Question 5

What do platelets bind to when a blood vessel is damaged?

Answer 5

Collagen and vWF

Question 6

Two anticoagulant drugs

Answer 6

Heparin and Warfarin

Question 7

Anti-platelet drug that inhibits COX1 and 2 so that Thromboxane is not made.

Answer 7

Aspirin

Question 8

Very potent platelet activator and vasoconstrictor.

Answer 8

Thromboxane A2

Question 9

Function of Thromboxane A2

Answer 9

Activates platelets and is a vasoconstrictor

Question 10

For how long does the anti-platelet effect of aspirin last?

Answer 10

For the life of the platelet = 7 days

Question 11

For how long do you have to be off Aspirin to lose the anti-platelet effect?

Answer 11

7 days

Question 12

T/F: Aspirin affects the coagulation cascade.

Answer 12

FALSE

Question 13

The only test affected by Aspirin

Answer 13

Bleeding time

Question 14

What type of drug is Clopidogrel

Answer 14

Anti-platelet

Question 15

How long do the effects of Clopidogrel last?

Answer 15

7 days- life of the platelet

Question 16

Another name for Clopidogrel

Answer 16

Plavix

Question 17

Clopidogrel MOA

Answer 17

Prevents ADP from binding to the platelet surface, thus inhibiting platelet aggregation

Question 18

Function of ADP in platelet pathway.

Answer 18

ADP promotes platelet aggregation by binding to the platelet surface.

ADP is a potent platelet activator.

Question 19

What is Aggrenox made of?

Answer 19

Dipyridamole and Aspirin

Question 20

Aggrenox MOA

Answer 20

Inhibits the uptake of adenosine

Question 21

Function of Thrombin

Answer 21

Converts Fibrinogen to Fibrin

Question 22

Activates Factor 7

Answer 22

Tissue Factor

Released from damaged tissues.

Question 23

This factor activates the coagulation cascade.

Answer 23

Factor 7

Question 24

Partial Thromboplastin Time measures which pathway?

Answer 24

Intrinsic

Question 25

Prothrombin Time measures which pathway?

Answer 25

Extrinsic

Question 26

Another name for the Prothrombin Time test.

Answer 26

INR

Question 27

Test used to measure Warfarin dosage.

Answer 27

Prothrombin Time/INR

Question 28

What do you want the INR to be for someone taking Warfarin?

Answer 28

2-3

Question 29

This INR value is associated with an increased risk of bleeding.

Answer 29

> 4

Question 30

This anticoagulant metabolizes/inactivates Thrombin.

Answer 30

Heparin; Thus prevents a clot from forming.

Question 31

Role of Thrombin.

Answer 31

Cleaves Fibrinogen to Fibrin to form a clot. Is a vasoconstrictor.

Question 32

Can a pregnant woman be on Warfarin?

Answer 32

NO! Causes birth defects.

Question 33

Who is on Heparin?

Answer 33

1) Ppl with Acute Thrombosis (DVT, pulmonary emboli, etc.). 2) Pregnant women (Warfarin contraindicated) 3) Prophylaxis to prevent thrombosis 4) Patients who fail warfarin.

Question 34

How does Warfarin work?

Answer 34

It interferes with Vit. K, which is needed to make Factors 2, 7, 9, and 10.

Question 35

T/F: Depletion of circulating factors (2, 7, 9, and 10) must take place in order to see the effects of Warfarin.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

T/F: Synthesis of circulating factors must take place when Warfarin is stopped in order to see the effects.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

Natural anticoagulants that are vit. k- dependent, and whose levels are lowered by Warfarin.

Answer 37

Proteins C and S

Question 38

Pharmacology things to note about Warfarin:

Answer 38

1) Many drug:drug interactions. 2) Crosses the placenta- contraindicated in pregnancy 3) Dosage varies a lot between patients

Question 39

Procedures should NOT be done with an INR greater than ____.

Answer 39

4

Question 40

New Oral Anticoagulants (NOAC's)

Answer 40

Dabigatran Rivaroxaban Apixaban