Processes of Sedimentary Formation

Question 1

Rocks that are formed by organic materials or pre-existing rocks are called ______________.

Answer 1

Sedimentary Rocks

Question 2

Small pieces of rocks that settle on the riverbed in loose layers.

Answer 2

Sediments

Question 3

Can be a CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL, or MECHANICAL process that changes the characteristics of the rocks on Earth’s surface.

Answer 3

Weathering

Question 4

Occurs when rocks are exposed to the hydrosphere and atmosphere. This can change both the physical and chemical composition of rocks.

Answer 4

Weathering

Question 5

Rocks are broken down into smaller pieces, but the chemical composition of the rock is not affected.

Answer 5

Physical Weathering

Question 6

The rock material is changed to another substance due to a chemical reaction.

Answer 6

Chemical Weathering

Question 7

This lack of cleavage of this mineral makes it resistant to Mechanical Weathering. It is also the most stable upon the common rock forming minerals in chemical weathering.

Answer 7

Quartz

Question 8

_________ and ____________ climates favors Physical Weathering.

Answer 8

Cold and Dry

Question 9

__________ and __________ climates favors Chemical Weathering.

Answer 9

Warm and Wet

Question 10

A major product of weathering which is the combination of organic materials, minerals, and rocks. These contain various nutrients to support different forms of plant and animal life.

Answer 10

Soil

Question 11

Soil Horizon — Organic Layer

Answer 11

Humus

Question 12

Soil Horizon — Topsoil

Answer 12

Minerals with Humus

Question 13

Soil Horizon — Eluviation Layer

Answer 13

Leached Minerals and Organic Matters

Question 14

Soil Horizon —Subsoil

Answer 14

Metal Salts and Deposited Minerals

Question 15

Soil Horizon — Parent Rock

Answer 15

Partly Weathered Rock

Question 16

Soil Horizon — Bedrock

Answer 16

Unweathered Parent Rock

Question 17

Transportation of rock, soil, and mineral particles from one location to another. MOVING ELEMENT IS INVOLVED.

Answer 17

Erosion

Question 18

Kind of erosion where the shoreline is eroded by the waves until a notch is created.

Answer 18

Water Erosion ; By wave action

Question 19

An example of this kind of erosion are landslides.

Answer 19

Erosion by Gravity

Question 20

The natural process of soil movement and deposition by the wind is…

Answer 20

Wind Erosion

Question 21

Refers to the movement of particles of sand, silt, clay, gravel, or other materials by natural forces such as water, wind, ice, and gravity.

Answer 21

Sediment Transportation

Question 22

What are the agents of sediment transportation.

Answer 22

WATER, WIND, ICE , and GRAVITY

Question 23

Types of sediment transportation.

Answer 23

Bed Load, Saltation, and Suspended Load

Question 24

Factors influencing sediment transportation.

Answer 24

Velocity of the Transporting Medium, Particle Size, Sediment Shape, Vegetation and Obstacles

Question 25

A process in which particles of sediment such as sand, silt, clay, gravel, and other materials settle out of a fluid medium and accumulate on a surface.

Answer 25

Sediment Deposition

Question 26

Types of Sediment Depositiom

Answer 26

Alluvial, Glacial, Marine & Coastal, and Aeolian Deposition

Question 27

A process of deposition where sediments tend to become sorted based on their size and density.

Answer 27

Sortation

Question 28

Each layer may have different sediment characteristics based at the time of the deposition.

Answer 28

Stratification

Question 29

The weight of the overlying material can compress and compact the lower layers.

Answer 29

Compaction & Cementation