processes driving change in water stores Flashcards
what is evaporation
water droplets are heated, turning to water vapour
what is evapotranspiration
water evaporating off surface
what is transpiration
water leaving plant by diffusing out stomatal pore by diffusion as a gas
what impacts transpiration
temp
wind
humidity
hours of sunlight
what does rate evaporation depend on
amount solar energy
availability of water
humidity of air - more sat slow rate
temp of air - warmer hold more
what is condensation
when water vapour is turned to liquid using condensation nuclei
what does condensation form
precipitation
what is released during condensation
latent heat released making surroundings warmer
- storms last longer
what is a cloud
area of many water droplets suspended in atmosphere
what forms of water in different layers
top colder - ice crystals
middle - water droplets
bottom - water vapour
what is dew point
temp water vapour condenses to water droplets
how can condensation occur
warm moist air rises
cools till dew point
saturated air
condensation occurs on nuclei
water droplets build up and coalesce till reach max capacity
rain
how can height of cloud impact
colder
more ice crystals
thinner appearance
how can temp impact cloud formation
warmer
more evaporation
more water droplets
larger clouds
more rain
what are the 3 types rain
relief
convectional
frontal
what is relief rain
warm moist air rises over mountains
what is convectional rain
sun heats land
air warmer
air expands
less dense
rises
typical in tropics
what is frontal rain
warm front meets cold front
heavier cold air sinks and warm air rises
what are crysopheric processes
accumulation
ablation
sublimation
what is accumulation
snow builds up
weight causes it to become ice
what is ablation
ice melts
increased climate change
what is sublimation
ice direct change water vapour releasing latent heat
