hydrological cycles

Question 1

forms of precipitation?

Answer 1

rain
snow
frost
mist
fog

Question 2

what is insolation

Answer 2

solar radiation from sun that drives water cycle

Question 3

what determines magnitude of hillslope stores

Answer 3

urbanisation - house/less inflitrate/inc runoff

deforest - less intercept/inc runoff

afforest - inc intercept/less runoff/less flood

farming- ditches

storms - intense rain/ excess no infiltrate/ inc overland flow

seasonal chane - winter/snow/ground frozen/melts cant infiltrate/inc runoff

Question 3

what is the hillslope hydrological cycle

Answer 3

open system

input = insolation and precipitation
flows = through fall, stem/drip flow, overland flow, infiltration, percolation etc
stores = vegetation, surface puddles, soil, rock
outputs = slope runoff to river, trans/evap to atm

Question 4

what is drainage basin hydrological cycle

Answer 4

open system

basin = area drained by river and tributaries

made of many hillslope hydrological cycles

same hillslope but:
has channel flow
river runoff to sea

Question 5

saturation of drainage basin

Answer 5

non storm - 5% sat
lots rain - 50% sat

Question 6

what is global hydrological cycle

Answer 6

water transferred between stores in a closed system involving land sea and air

Question 7

global HC stores

Answer 7

saltwater in oceans
freshwater ice sheet and groundwater
surface stores

Question 8

global HC transfers

Answer 8

same as others plus:

evaporation
condensation
transpiration

Question 9

positive feedback in global HC

Answer 9

rise sea level
thermal expansion
ice melt
ice shelves unstable
calving
ice melt
sea level rise

Question 10

neg feedback global HC

Answer 10

inc surface temp
more evap
more cloud
block sun
reduce temp