Process of Infection Flashcards

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1
Q

antigen (2)

A
  • marker located on cell membrane that identifies cell as self or non-self
  • antibody generator
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2
Q

carrier (3)

A
  • harbors pathogen
  • no signs/symptoms
  • capable of spreading
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3
Q

disease (2)

A
  • condition marked by complaints, history, signs, symptoms

- tangible/measurable

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4
Q

endogenous source

A

originates within cell organism or population

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5
Q

exogenous source

A

originates outside cell organism or population

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6
Q

flora (2)

A
  • microbial population specially adapted for specific environment
  • transient flora reside on skin surface
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7
Q

fomite

A

inanimate object that transmits disease

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8
Q

infection (2)

A
  • disease caused by micro-organism

- release toxins/invade body tissue

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9
Q

inflammation (4)

A
  • non-specific defense mechanism
  • fights injury/allergy/infection
  • protect invasion foreign organisms
  • repair tissue trauma
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10
Q

nosocomial infection

A

infection that is acquired/occurs in the health care setting

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11
Q

pathogenicity

A

microorganisms ability to produce pathological changes/disease in organism

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12
Q

pus (2)

A
  • yellow, protein rich, exudate

- white blood cells / cellular debris

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13
Q

reservoir

A

object/substance where infection agent lives, multiplies, depends for survival and reproduces

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14
Q

sepsis (2)

A
  • systemic inflammatory response to infection

- virulent pathogen/host

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15
Q

surgically clean (2)

A
  • object/substance mechanically cleaned chemically disinfected
  • not sterile
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16
Q

vector

A

an insect carrier that transmits causative organism from infected to non-infected

17
Q

virulence

A

power and degree of pathogenicity possessed by a microorganism

18
Q

inflammatory process (2)

A
  • occurs in 3 stages

- attempts to restore homeostasis

19
Q

signs of inflammation (5)

A
  • redness
  • heat
  • swelling
  • pain
  • loss of function
20
Q

resistance

A

ability to ward off disease via defense mechanisms

21
Q

susceptibility

A

lack of resistance

22
Q

innate defense (3)

A
  • non-pecific
  • species resistance
  • mechanical barriers
23
Q

adaptive defenses (3)

A
  • specificity (can identify self)
  • memory (remembers pathogens)
  • immunity
24
Q

chemical barriers

A

-complement normally inactive proteins interact biochemically to enhance certain immune, allergic and inflammatory responses

25
Q

natural killer cells

A

-considered non specific due to lack of antigen receptors

26
Q

fever (3)

A
  • -non-pecific
  • second line of defense
  • sustained body temperature
  • speeds up tissue remember
27
Q

phagocytosis

A
  • non-pecific

- helps with immune sensitivity

28
Q

inflammation

A
  • second line of defense

- nonspecific

29
Q

antigen

A
  • any substance recognized as non self by immune
  • 2 characterists
  • immunogenicity: provokes immune response
  • reactivity: ability react specifically with lymphocytes/antibodies
30
Q

hapten

A

partial antigen that only possesses reactivity

31
Q

3 routes antigens get to lymphatic system

A
  1. antigens in bloodstream deposited in spleen
  2. antigens in interstitial fluids enter lymphatic/end up in lymph nodes
  3. antgens penetrate mucous membrane lodge in mucous associated lymphoid tissue
32
Q

antibody/immunoglobulin

A
  • referred to as Igs
  • five major types of antibodies
    1. igG %80 anti-rh antibodies
    2. igA titty milk
    3. igM %6 primary immune response
33
Q

3 ways for antibodies attack antigens

A
  1. direct attack on antigens
  2. activation complement
  3. igE bound to mast cells serves to promote inflammation
34
Q

lag phase

A

period of time between initial entrance of antigen and primary immune response

35
Q

secondary response

A
  • cloned memory cells proliferate/increase secretory activity
  • increase amount of iG to antigen
  • antibody titer > primary response
36
Q

2 types of immunity

A
  • cell mediated immune response (cell to cell interaction)

- antibody mediated (humoral) response: extracellular pathogen