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control systems > Process instru > Flashcards

Process instru Flashcards

1
Q

What term refers to the physical system being controlled or measured?

A

process

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2
Q

hat device senses the process variable and translates it into an analog signal?

A

measuring element

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3
Q

What device compares the process variable to the setpoint and generates an output signal?

A

controller

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4
Q

What is the term for the desired value of the process variable?

A

setpoint

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5
Q

What is the name for the signal sent from a controller to the final control element?

A

output signal

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6
Q

What device converts signals from one form to another?

A

transducer

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7
Q

What device converts a measurement signal into a standardized output?

A

Transmitter

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8
Q

What is the term for the quantity that is manipulated in a process to influence the process variable?

A

Manipulated Variable (MV)

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9
Q

What is the term for the feedback-driven loop where the process variable is continuously compared to the setpoint?

A

closed-control loop

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10
Q

What is the mode called when a controller operates based on a human operator’s decision?

A

manual mode

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11
Q

Which system does not compare the process variable to the setpoint, acting without feedback?

A

open-control loop

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12
Q

What is the first step in instrumentation and control?

A

measurement

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13
Q

What term describes the specific quantity being measured in a process?

A

process variable

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14
Q

What device directly affects the process, based on the controller’s signal?

A

Final control element

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15
Q

What is the term for the value corresponding to the 0% point in a transmitter’s calibrated range?

A

Lower range value

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16
Q

What is the term for the width of the range between the upper and lower values in a transmitter’s calibrated range?

A

span

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17
Q

What type of system automatically adjusts variables to ensure safe operating conditions?

A

Process Control System

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18
Q

What term is used for detecting early signs of equipment wear to perform maintenance before failure occurs?

A

Predictive Maintenance

19
Q

What strategy involves implementing backup components to ensure continuous operation in case of failure?

A

Redundant Systems

20
Q

What term describes the process of matching a sensor’s output to known reference values?

A

calibration

21
Q

Which law in the Philippines regulates energy efficiency and conservation?

A

Energy Efficiency and Conservation Act (Republic Act No. 11285)

22
Q

What is the primary regulatory body in the Philippines for occupational safety?

A

Occupational Safety and Health Standards

23
Q

What is the term for maintaining desired output levels in a control system through properly designed loops?

A

Loop Design

24
Q

hat process control strategy uses data analysis to continuously optimize performance?

A

Continuous Improvement

25
Q

Which term refers to measuring fluid volume stored in a vessel?

A

Fluid Volume Measurement

26
Q

What term refers to continuously observing system performance through sensors and data analysis tools?

A

Real-time Monitoring and Diagnostics

27
Q

What device is responsible for translating a measuring element’s signal into a standardized instrumentation signal?

A

Transmitter

28
Q

What type of control strategy is used to optimize beyond traditional methods using techniques like Model Predictive Control?

A

Advanced Control Strategies

29
Q

a mode where the control output is adaptive and is able to learn from previous event, absolutely not relying on human intervention.

A

Autonomous

30
Q

the variable that is being observed or measured in the process. It’s typically the output or result of a process that you want to monitor to ensure it stays within desired limits.

A

measured variable

31
Q

any variable that is an integral part of the process. It generally includes variables that directly affect the process outcome.

A

process variable

32
Q

variable that you adjust to control the process. It’s the input to the system that you change to achieve a desired effect on the measured variable.

A

manipulated variable

33
Q

refers to the use of devices and systems to measure, monitor, and control variables in a process.

A

instrumentation

34
Q

Enumerate the four main components of a basic process control loop.

A

Measurement
Controller
Output Signal
Process

35
Q

Enumerate the common types of process measurements.

A

Fluid pressure
Fluid flow rate
Temperature
Chemical concentration
Electrical voltage, current, or resistance

36
Q

Enumerate the consequences of not monitoring and controlling process variables.

A

Product quality issues
Safety risks
Inefficiency
Equipment damage
Regulatory non-compliance
Production downtime
Reduced profitability

37
Q

refers to periods when a system, machine, or process is not operational or is unavailable for use

A

downtime

38
Q

Enumerate the steps to ensure precise control in a process.

A

Proper sensor selection and calibration
Implementing advanced control strategies
Ensuring proper loop design
Use of redundant systems
Real-time monitoring and diagnostics
Regular maintenance and updates

39
Q

refers to the beginning-point of an instrument’s range

A

zero

40
Q

using sophisticated technique to improve the system

A

implementing advance control strategies

41
Q

type of control that uses a mathematical model of the process to predict future behavior and optimize control actions over a defined future horizon.

A

Model predictive control (MPC)

42
Q

type of control that adjusts its parameters in real-time based on changes in the system’s dynamics or external conditions. It is designed to handle systems with unknown or varying parameters by modifying control strategies as needed.

A

adaptive control

43
Q

type of control that aims to maintain performance and stability of the control system despite uncertainties or variations in system parameters.

A

robust contro

44
Q
A

control systems (4 decks)

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