Process instru Flashcards
What term refers to the physical system being controlled or measured?
process
hat device senses the process variable and translates it into an analog signal?
measuring element
What device compares the process variable to the setpoint and generates an output signal?
controller
What is the term for the desired value of the process variable?
setpoint
What is the name for the signal sent from a controller to the final control element?
output signal
What device converts signals from one form to another?
transducer
What device converts a measurement signal into a standardized output?
Transmitter
What is the term for the quantity that is manipulated in a process to influence the process variable?
Manipulated Variable (MV)
What is the term for the feedback-driven loop where the process variable is continuously compared to the setpoint?
closed-control loop
What is the mode called when a controller operates based on a human operator’s decision?
manual mode
Which system does not compare the process variable to the setpoint, acting without feedback?
open-control loop
What is the first step in instrumentation and control?
measurement
What term describes the specific quantity being measured in a process?
process variable
What device directly affects the process, based on the controller’s signal?
Final control element
What is the term for the value corresponding to the 0% point in a transmitter’s calibrated range?
Lower range value
What is the term for the width of the range between the upper and lower values in a transmitter’s calibrated range?
span
What type of system automatically adjusts variables to ensure safe operating conditions?
Process Control System
What term is used for detecting early signs of equipment wear to perform maintenance before failure occurs?
Predictive Maintenance
What strategy involves implementing backup components to ensure continuous operation in case of failure?
Redundant Systems
What term describes the process of matching a sensor’s output to known reference values?
calibration
Which law in the Philippines regulates energy efficiency and conservation?
Energy Efficiency and Conservation Act (Republic Act No. 11285)
What is the primary regulatory body in the Philippines for occupational safety?
Occupational Safety and Health Standards
What is the term for maintaining desired output levels in a control system through properly designed loops?
Loop Design
hat process control strategy uses data analysis to continuously optimize performance?
Continuous Improvement
Which term refers to measuring fluid volume stored in a vessel?
Fluid Volume Measurement
What term refers to continuously observing system performance through sensors and data analysis tools?
Real-time Monitoring and Diagnostics
What device is responsible for translating a measuring element’s signal into a standardized instrumentation signal?
Transmitter
What type of control strategy is used to optimize beyond traditional methods using techniques like Model Predictive Control?
Advanced Control Strategies
a mode where the control output is adaptive and is able to learn from previous event, absolutely not relying on human intervention.
Autonomous
the variable that is being observed or measured in the process. It’s typically the output or result of a process that you want to monitor to ensure it stays within desired limits.
measured variable
any variable that is an integral part of the process. It generally includes variables that directly affect the process outcome.
process variable
variable that you adjust to control the process. It’s the input to the system that you change to achieve a desired effect on the measured variable.
manipulated variable
refers to the use of devices and systems to measure, monitor, and control variables in a process.
instrumentation
Enumerate the four main components of a basic process control loop.
Measurement
Controller
Output Signal
Process
Enumerate the common types of process measurements.
Fluid pressure
Fluid flow rate
Temperature
Chemical concentration
Electrical voltage, current, or resistance
Enumerate the consequences of not monitoring and controlling process variables.
Product quality issues
Safety risks
Inefficiency
Equipment damage
Regulatory non-compliance
Production downtime
Reduced profitability
refers to periods when a system, machine, or process is not operational or is unavailable for use
downtime
Enumerate the steps to ensure precise control in a process.
Proper sensor selection and calibration
Implementing advanced control strategies
Ensuring proper loop design
Use of redundant systems
Real-time monitoring and diagnostics
Regular maintenance and updates
refers to the beginning-point of an instrument’s range
zero
using sophisticated technique to improve the system
implementing advance control strategies
type of control that uses a mathematical model of the process to predict future behavior and optimize control actions over a defined future horizon.
Model predictive control (MPC)
type of control that adjusts its parameters in real-time based on changes in the system’s dynamics or external conditions. It is designed to handle systems with unknown or varying parameters by modifying control strategies as needed.
adaptive control
type of control that aims to maintain performance and stability of the control system despite uncertainties or variations in system parameters.
robust contro
