CSE_lecture 1 Flashcards
What is the primary purpose of a control system?
To regulate, direct, or command.
An arrangement of physical components connected to form a whole for a desired response.
system
The stimulus or command applied to the system, usually from an external source.
Input
The actual response obtained from the control system.
output
The device, plant, or system under control, showing the input-output relationship.
process
The quantity or condition that is measured and controlled, typically the system output.
controlled variable
The quantity or condition varied by the controller to affect the controlled variable.
manipulated variable
Equipment or a set of machines functioning together to perform a particular operation.
plants
Signals that tend to adversely affect the system’s output.
disturbances
A system where the control action is independent of the output.
Open loop control system
A system where the control action depends on the output, typically using feedback.
closed control loop system
The process of establishing or reestablishing the input-output relation for accuracy.
calibration
The property that allows the output to be compared with the input for corrective action.
feedback
What is the primary advantage of a feedback control system?
Increased accuracy and ability to correct disturbances.
A system controlling multiple variables simultaneously.
What is a multivariable control system?
The tendency of a system to fluctuate due to excessive sensitivity or instability.
oscillation
The frequency response measure of how well the system filters variations in input.
bandwidth
A signal dependent on a continuum of values of an independent variable, usually time.
analog signal
A signal defined at discrete instants of time.
digital signal
What type of control system processes only continuous-time signals?
Continuous-time (analog) control systems.
What type of control system processes discrete-time signals?
Discrete-time (digital) control systems.
Investigating the properties of an existing system.
analysis
Choosing and arranging system components to perform a specific task.
design
Defining the system form directly from its specifications.
synthesis
Amplifying a low-power input to drive a high-power output, such as in radar antennas.
amplifier
What are two features of open-loop systems?
Accuracy determined by calibration and absence of instability issues.
What is the function of an error detector in a closed-loop system?
To compare the output with the input and generate a corrective action signal.
combination of both analog and digital signal
hybrid signal
Enumerate the components of a control system.
Input
Output
Process
Controlled Variable
Manipulated Variable
Disturbances
Enumerate the two general categories of control systems.
Open-Loop Control System
Closed-Loop Control System
Enumerate the characteristics of feedback in control systems.
Increased accuracy
Tendency toward oscillation or instability
Reduced sensitivity to system parameter variations
Reduced effects of nonlinearities
Reduced effects of external disturbances or noise
Increased bandwidth
Enumerate the four primary reasons for using control systems.
Power amplification
Remote control
Convenience of input form
Compensation for disturbances
Enumerate the advantages of feedback control systems.
Improved accuracy
Ability to adapt to changes
Reduced sensitivity to disturbances
Enhanced performance
Reduced overshoot and improved response times
Enumerate the types of signals in control systems.
Continuous-Time (Analog) Signals
Discrete-Time (Digital) Signals
Hybrid Signals
Enumerate the two types of design processes in control system engineering.
Design by Analysis
Design by Synthesis
