Procedures - Osseous System - Upper Extremity Flashcards
Sonography can be reliably used to diagnose this condition in the osseous system.
Joint effusions
List 3 joints of the shoulder girdle
- glenohumeral
- acromioclavicular
- scapulothoracic
What are the 4 potential fracture sites of the proximal humerus which the Neer System uses to provide prognostic information to help with treatment planning
- Anatomic neck
- Lesser tuberosity
- Greater tuberosity
- Surgical Neck
What is the most frequent cause of a rotator cuff tear?
Chronic impingement
What is the most frequent site for a rotator cuff tear?
Supraspinatus tendon
In the setting of acute trauma, a posterior fat pad sign in the adult elbow is an indication of what?
Fracture
Does the absence of a fat pad sign exclude significant injury?
No
What is the most common elbow fracture of children?
Supracondylar
What are 2 signs often present in a supracondylar fracture in a pediatric patient?
- Posterior fat pad sign
2. Posterior displacement of the capitellum relative to the anterior humeral line
Is a fat pad sign in a child more sensitive and specific for a fracture than a fat pad sign in an adult?
No
Nursmaid’s elbow?
Anterior subluxation of the radial head
List 3 reasons why prompt reduction of an elbow dislocation is necessary.
- Restoration of blood flow to occluded blood vessels
- To ease undue tension on ligaments
- To prevent development of myositis ossificans and associated reduced range of motion
T/F Most forearm shaft fractures include fractures of both the radius and the ulna
True
Which modality should be used to test the functional status of ligaments and tendons of the wrist?
Fluoroscopy
Describe a Colles fracture.
A fracture of the distal radius
The term volar refers to what areas?
The palm of the hand or the sole of the foot
What view demonstrates the carpal arcs?
AP
What condition is commonly seen with a scaphoid fracture?
Avascular necrosis
Which carpal bone is the most frequently fractured?
Scaphoid
Which bone(s) of the upper extremities comprise arcs?
Carpal bones
What is the cause of carpal tunnel syndrome?
Increased pressure within the carpal tunnel which may be caused by repetitive stress.
What is the mechanism of injury for a boxer’s fracture?
Abrupt axial loading
What condition is associated with a dislocation of the finger?
Avulsion fractures
What is a Bennett fracture
A fracture-dislocation of the thumb
What is the single most important anatomic factor in cases of rotator cuff impingement
The shape of the acromion process
Aponeurosis
A sheetlike fibrous membrane, resembling a flattened tendon, that serves as a fascia to bind muscles together or as ameansof connecting muscle to bone.
What is Myositis ossificans?
A condition where bone tissue forms inside muscle or other soft tissue after an injury. It tends to develop in young adults and athletes who are more likely to experience traumatic injuries.
