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Medical Terminology > Procedures LEcture 1 > Flashcards

Procedures LEcture 1 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Abduct or abduction

A

Movement of the part away from the body

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2
Q

Adduct or adduction

A

Movement of the part towards the body

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3
Q

Extension

A

Straightening of a joint

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4
Q

Flexion

A

Bending of a joint

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5
Q

Hyperextension

A

Excessive or forced extension of a limb or joint

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6
Q

Hyperflexion

A

Excessive or forced flexion of a limb or joint

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7
Q

evert/eversion

A

Outward Turing of the foot at the ankle

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8
Q

Invert/inversion

A

Inward turning of the foot at the ankle

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9
Q

Pronate/pronation

A

Rotation of the forearm placing the palm surface down

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10
Q

Supinate/supination

A

Rotation of the forearm putting the palm surface up

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11
Q

Rotate/rotation

A

Turning or rotating of the body or part around its axis, when rotating a limb it is either medial or lateral rotation

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12
Q

Tilt

A

Tipping or slanting a body part slightly, tilt is in relation to the long axis of the body

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13
Q

Circumduction

A

Circular movement of a limb

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14
Q

Deviation

A

Turning away from the regular standard or course

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15
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Flexion or bending of the foot towards the leg (make 90 degrees angle with body)

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16
Q

plantarflexion

A

Flexion or bending of the foot toward the sole

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17
Q

How many bones in an adult?

A

206

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18
Q

Ligaments

A

Connect bone to bone

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19
Q

How many bones in appendicular skeleton?

A

126

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20
Q

How many bones in axial skeleton?

A

80

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21
Q

Compact bone

A

Strong outer layer

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22
Q

Spongy bone

A

Soft inner layer

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23
Q

Trabeculae

A

Speculated network of interconnecting spaces

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24
Q

Red bone marrow

A

(Spongy bone) produces red and white blood cells

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25
Q

Yellow bone marrow

A

(Medullary) stores adipose tissue

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26
Q

Articular cartilage

A

Cartilage at the articular surfaces

27
Q

Periosteum

A

Tough, fibrous connective tissue covering bone

28
Q

Endosteum

A

Lining of the medullary cavity (deep)

29
Q

ossification

A

The development and formation of bones

30
Q

Intermembranous ossification

A

Bone formation prior to births (flat bones like skull and sternum)

31
Q

arthrology

A

Study of the joints

32
Q

joints

A

Articulations between bones

33
Q

Two ways to categorize joints

A

Functional and structural

34
Q

Synarthoroses

A

Immovable

35
Q

Amphiarthroses

A

Slightly movable

36
Q

Diarthroses

A

Freely moveable

37
Q

Fibrous joints

A
  • do not have a joint cavity
  • sutures, for phones, syndesmosis
38
Q

Cartilageneous

A
  • do not have a joint cavity
  • symphysis
    Suchrondosis
39
Q

Synovial

A
  • do have a joint cavity
  • freely moveable
40
Q

Gliding

A

Move against each other on a single plane; wrist and ankles

41
Q

Hinge

A

Move on just one axis; elbow, finger

42
Q

Pivot

A

Provides rotation; at the top of the spine, atlas and axis

43
Q

Ellipsoid

A

Circular motion; wrist joint

44
Q

Saddle

A

Flexion, extension, no rotation; thumb

45
Q

Ball-and-socket

A

Freely moving; shoulder, hip

46
Q

Fracture

A

A broken bone

47
Q

Transverse fracture

A

Straight across the long axis of the bone

48
Q

Oblique fracture

A

At an angle that is not 90 degrees

49
Q

Spiral fracture

A

Bone segments are pulled apart as a result of a twisting motion

50
Q

Comminuted

A

Several breaks result in many small pieces

51
Q

Impacted

A

One fragment is driven into another

52
Q

Greenstick

A

A partial which only one side of the bone is broken

53
Q

Open

A

At least one end of the broken bone tears through the skin

54
Q

Close

A

A fracture in which the skin remains in tact

55
Q

Position

A
  • identifies the general body position of the patient
  • refers to the specific placement of the body part in relation to the Radiographic table or the IR
56
Q

Decubitus

A

Indicates the patient is lying down and the central ray is horizontal

57
Q

projection

A
  • path of the central ray as it exits the X-ray tube
  • most defined by the entrance and exit points based on the anatomical position
58
Q

View

A

Describes the body part as seen by the IR, this is only used when referring to a finished radiograph

59
Q

Method

A

Some Radiographic positions are named after the individual who created them

60
Q

Source to skin distance

A

Distance between the X-ray tube and the pt skin (shall not be less than 12” stationary and not less than 15” mobile)

61
Q

collimation

A

Restriction of the beam

62
Q

Alara

A

As low as reasonably achievable

63
Q
A

Medical Terminology (6 decks)

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