Problem Solving Flashcards
What are Signal Crimes
Public drinking, swearing, rowdy uncivil behaviour by groups of people or individuals, graffiti or damage and vandalism, Littering, evidence of drug taking and dealing, prostitution, speeding, rubbish dumped outside houses, burnt out cars
What is the definition of a problem, for neighbourhood policing
A group of incidents occurring in a community that are similar or connected in one or more ways and that are of concern to the public and require a police response
Name 3 neighbourhood policing models
Partnership-orientated policing (POPS) OSARA PAT PAT (Enhanced) Routine Activity Theory (RAT) Rational Choice Theory
What is Partnership orientated problem solving
It’s a Partnership orientated approach, focuses upon effective resolution of underlying problems that impact upon our communities rather than simply reacting to calls. It’s about teamwork and leadership. POPS
When may we use POPS
Domestics Alcohol ASB Cyber crime Thefts Burglary
What is the purpose of a problem solving approach
Problems solving approach, is about breaking down the problem, Identify what is causing the problem. Understand the victim, offender, location. Address the underlying conditions that cause the problems and recognise. Use the expertise of others in order to solve the crime and mange it better
What is Goldstein Theory
Underlying conditions create problems
Problems turn to incidents
Many incidents lead to police calls
They can arise from a single common source
Police only deal with the symptom of the cause
What did Goldstein’s theory outline?
POP Coined by Professor Herman Goldstein, policing strategy that involves the identification and analysis of specific crime and disorder problem, in order to develop effective response
What does OSARA stand for?
Objective – (Smart)
Scanning – Identify Problems
Analysis – Understand conditions that cause problems to occur
Response – Develop and implement solutions
Assessment – Determine the impact
What does SMART stand for and explain
Specific – Did you target a specific area for improvement?
Measureable – can you quantify or at least suggest an indicator of progress?
Assignable (achievable) – do you know who did the work?
Realistic – did you achieve positive results?
Timely – did you do it in the specified time?
Explain the RAT theory
Routine Activity Theory
RAT
Including the problem Analysis (PAT) This helps understand the interaction between offender/victim/location this is one of the main theories of environmental criminology
Explain the Broken Window Theory
Dealing with the minor stuff can prevent the bigger serious from happening
Explain the PAT Model
Problem Analysis triangle
What is our problem, why have these crimes occurred. This is based on the idea that a problem can only exists if any offender, victim/target are located at the same place at the same time without the presence of capable guardian. If you take away one element of the triangle, the problem may not occur.
Name the 10 principles of Crime Prevention
1 Target Hardening 2 Target Control 3 Remove the means to commit crime 4 Reduce Payoff 5 Access control 6 Visibility/Survelliance 7 Environmental design 8 Rule setting 9 Increase the chance of being caught 10 Deflection offenders
How do you measure Effectiveness
Did the problem Decline, if so did the response to the matter cause the decline
Answering these questions enables you to apply this response to other related matters.
Think about SMART
