probability

Question 1

result of an observation or experiment, or the descriptor of some potential outcome

Answer 1

event

Question 2

a subset of the set of all possible outcomes of a probabilistic experiment

Answer 2

event

Question 3

the measure of the likelihood of an event happening

Answer 3

probability

Question 4

measures the certainty of an event

Answer 4

probability

Question 5

This means that both events must be met for it to count as one value

Answer 5

Intersection (A∩B)

Question 6

This means that the fulfillment of only A, only B, or both A and B is accounted for

Answer 6

Union (A∪B)

Question 7

This means that the non-fulfillment or the converse/opposite event of A is the trigger for this operation.

Answer 7

Complement (Ā)

Question 8

A and B are treated as separate events, cannot happen at the same time

Answer 8

mutually exclusive

Question 9

represents all the outcomes that could possibly occur

Answer 9

sample space
P(S) = 1

Question 10

an event that can never occur and has a probability of 0, whereas most events have probabilities between the value 0 and 1,

Answer 10

null event
A ∩ A^c = ɸ

Question 11

when two events are mutually exclusive, the additive rule of probability states that the probability that either of the two events will occur is equal to the sum of the probabilities of the individual events

Answer 11

additive rule of probability
P(A∪B) = P(A) + P(B)

Question 12

express answers in

Answer 12

*express answers in probability as either decimal (2 dec places) or percentage (%)

Question 13

type of probability wherein the probability of one event is directly influenced by the probability of another event

Answer 13

conditional probability

Question 14

This is expressed as P(A|B) wherein the probability of an event A is influenced by the existence of event B. How do you read it

Answer 14

“probability of A withing the existence of B”

*taken into account the multiplicative rule of probability

Question 15

this states that the probability that two events A and B will both occur is equal to the probability of B multiplied by the conditional probability of A given that B has already occurred

Answer 15

multiplicative probability

Question 16

a fundamental rule relating marginal probabilities to conditional probabilities

Answer 16

total probability

Question 17

a set if events that all amount to the sum of 1 - meaning that there are no other possible outcomes and it must fall under one of the categories

Answer 17

exhaustive
S = A1 ∪ A2 ∪ A3

Question 18

this states that the probability that two events A and B will both occur is equal to the probability of B
multiplied by the conditional probability of A given that B has already occurred

Answer 18

total probability rule

Question 19

this is a function wherein you want to compare the probability of occurrence of an event between
two groups

Answer 19

relative risk
(is between an exposed group and an unexposed group)

Question 20

odds ratio is aka

Answer 20

relative odds

Question 21

if an event takes place with probability p, then the odds in favor of the event are the probability that the event will occur divided by the probability the event will not occur, or p/(1–p) to 1

Answer 21

odds ratio
*calculate for the odds in favor of the event

Question 22

odds ratio and relative risk is normally used for

Answer 22

RR - cohort studies
OR - case-control studies