Private nuisance Flashcards
Definition
The unreasonable interference with C’s enjoyment of their land and property.
Parties to the case
Claimant and Defendent
Claimant
Must have an interest in the land affected by the nuisance.
Examples of claimant
Owner or tenant
Hunter
Claim failed as they had no interest in the land.
Defendent
Creator, person in control or possession of nuisance.
Leakey
Can be an occupier that is not directly responsible but who fails to deal with the problem.
Types of private nuisance
Direct and Indirect
Direct examples
Roots of trees
Walking across land
Indirect examples
smoke
smells
noises
When can it be naturally occurring?
If D knew about it
Had to take precautionary steps
Types of interference
Physical damage to a neighbours land
Encroachment onto a neighbours land
Interference with neighbours quiet enjoyment of land or moral interference
Physical damage to neighbour’s land
Drive over neighbour’s land
Encroachment onto neighbour’s land
Roots of trees grow into neighbours garden
Interference neighbour’s quiet enjoyment or moral interference
Playing music too loud stopping neighbour from sleeping
Florinplace
Residents able to sought injunction because of moral interference
An unlawful interference
Locality
Duration and time
Foreseeability rather than sensitivity
Acts of malice
Locality
Character of area and whether it is purely residential
Sturges
What would be a nuisance in Belgrove square would not neccesairly be so in Bermondsey
Duration and time
Tend to need to be continuous and at unreasonable hours
Crown river cruises
An exception
20 minute firework display amounted to private nuisance
Network rail infrastructure
Interference was not forseeable no liability
Acts of malice
Deliberate and harmful act
Hollywood silver fox farm
D acted maliciously by shooting therefore liable.
Defences to private nuisance
Social benefit
Statutory authority
Prescription
Social benefit
D providing a benefit to the community
Statutory authority
Claimant can show his or her conduct authorised by law
Prescription
Acquired right to act in a particular way
Miller
Use of ground for sport outweighed private use of claimant’s garden
Civil Aviation Act
Cant claim for nuisance caused by aircraft over property
Sturges
Could not use defence because once new room was built that’s when the noise became a nuisance
Coventry
Only relevant to an activity that was an actionable nuisance for at least 20 years
Volenti non fit injura
consent
What’s not a defence?
Coming closer to the nuisance
Remedies to private nuisance
Damages
Injunctions
Abatement
Abatement
Entering D’s premises in order to prevent further nuisance.
Abatement E.g.
Chop down overhanging branches
Shelfer test
Suggested injunction as default and damages only awarded when there has been financial loss.
Coventry
Sometimes damages is a suitable alternative
Indirect case
Wheeler
Direct case
Lemmon