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NT - Support of Diagnostic Imaging > Principles of Radiography > Flashcards

Principles of Radiography Flashcards

1
Q

Xrays are part of what spectrum

A

Electromagnetic spectrum

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2
Q

Electromagnetic radiation is grouped into categories according to ______ & ______

A

wavelength and frequency

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3
Q

Define:wavelength

Wavelength is ___________

A

the distance between two identical points

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4
Q

define: frequency

Frequency is _____________

A

the number of wavecycles in a second (H2)

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5
Q

If wavelength is increased the frequency will ___________

A

DECREASED

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6
Q

Shorter wavelengths = ____________ frequency = ____________ energy

A

Shorter wavelengths = HIGHER frequency = MORE energy

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7
Q

Longer wavelengths = ____________ frequency = ____________ energy

A

Longer wavelengths = DECREASED frequency = LOWER energy

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8
Q

Three properties of all electromagnetic waves

A

All magentic waves:

  • Travel in straight lines
  • Travel at the same speed
  • Can travel through a vacuum
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9
Q 
Useful properties of xrays
1
2
3
4
5
A
  • Penetrate certain substances
  • Produce a photographic image
  • Can cause some substances to flouress
  • Energy can be converted into a digital image
  • Can cause damage to atoms in living cells
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10
Q

Define: Hard Xrays

A

Short wavelengths - High energy

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11
Q

Define: Soft Xrays

A

Long wavelengths - Low energy (contibutes to scatter)

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12
Q

X-Ray equipment

– Focal spot –

A

Focal spot is the small area on the target where the electrons colide

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13
Q

X-Ray equipment

– Focal spot –

Size

A

Size of the focal spot is a balance between

  • Small as possible to achieve a sharp image
  • Large as possible to avoid heat damage
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14
Q

X-Ray equipment

– Focal spot –

Angle

A

If the target spot is angled 20degrees then the actual focal spot can be much larger than the effective focal spot

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15
Q

X-Ray equipment

– Light beam –

A

Box placed under the tube head containing adjustable lead shutters to collimate the beam.

an inbuilt light soure shows exactly where the primary beam is

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16
Q

X-Ray equipment

– Tube stand –

A

System of support for the tube head

17
Q

control pannel

- on off switch

A

only one when taking radiographs

18
Q

control pannel

the line voltage compensator

A

to supply a consistent voltage

19
Q

control pannel

the kilovolts selector

A

may be linked to the mA, may be fixed

20
Q

control pannel

The millamperage control

A

May be linked to kV or may be fixed

21
Q

control pannel

the timer

A

Sets the length of exposure (mAs) Milliamps per second

22
Q

control pannel

the exposure button

A

two stage
1 - prep (tungsten releasing electrons)
2 - fully depressed (cathode becomes negative to release electrons)

23
Q

control pannel
warning lights
-exposure light/beep
- overload light

A
  • exposure light to notify when the exposure if being taken

- overload light - auto cut out if it gets too hot in the xray head

24
Q

Portable x-ray machine

A
  • low output, longer exposure.

- used in equine or farm radiography

25
Q

Mobile machines

A
  • bigger and more powerful
26
Q

Fixed machines

A

most powerful xray machines, used in small animal

27
Q

Three ways that xrays interact with matter

A

absorbed - white film
pass through unchanged - black film
pass through to a degree - grey film

28
Q

Define: Radiolucent

A

Does not absorb x-rays

29
Q

Examples of radiolucent material

A

Air

30
Q

Define: Radiopaque

A

Xrays all absorbed - none pass through

31
Q

Example of radiopaque material

A

Bone

32
Q

Define Radiographic (/film) density

A

the degree of blackening on the film

33
Q

Define Radiopacity

A

the degree to which a substance impeeds the rays (absorbs)

34
Q

define Radiolucency

A

the degree to which a substance allows the xray beam to pass through unimpeeded

NT - Support of Diagnostic Imaging (7 decks)

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