Contrast Studies

Question 1

Contrast studies useful for

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Answer 1

Inner linings of hollow structures which contain fluid that would otherwise not be visable.

soft tissue strictures may be masked by other structures

Increase contrast between the structure of interest and the surrounding tissues.

Question 2

What are we looking at while doing contrast studies

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Answer 2

evaulation of size/shape/position of structures

detect defects in mucosal surfaces of organs

gain information on function if performing studies

Question 3

Why should a plain radiograph be taken before a study

Answer 3

detect any previous pathologies

ensure correct exposures are selected

evaluate the amount of contrast media needed

allow comparison with any subsequant radiographs

ensure adequancy of paitent preperation

Question 4

Two types of contrast study

Answer 4

positive

negative

Question 5

Positive contrast study uses a substance with ___________ than the soft tissues

Answer 5

GREATER RADIODENSITY

Question 6

Positive contrast study - have a _____ atomic number and appear _____ on xrays

Answer 6

HIGH atomic number

appear WHITE on xray

Question 7

Negative contrast media uses a substance that is ______ than soft tissue

Answer 7

more radiolucent

Question 8

Negative contrast study - have a ______ atomic number and appear _________ on xrays

Answer 8

LOW atomic number

appear BLACK on xray

Question 9

Negative contrast study examples

Answer 9

Air, O2, CO2 NO2

Inlfated chest xrays

Question 10

Define: Double contrast study

Answer 10

negative and positive contrast used in tandem to increase contrast and mucosal detail.
Positive agent always given first

Question 11

Positive contrast study examples

Answer 11

Water soluble iodine

Barrium sulphate

Question 12

Barium sulphate preperations

Answer 12

used for gastro intestinal tract studies

Question 13

barium sulphate apperance and properties

Answer 13

white, chalky, non toxic, inert substance that does not react with gastic acid.

Question 14

Barium preperations
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Answer 14

powder - cheapest form

ready mixed - suspension or paste, can be expensive

BIPS - barium impregnated spheres in gelatin capsules

Question 15

What situations is barium not suitable for

Answer 15

Intravenous use - highly irritant.

not to be used with a suspected perferation as it forms granulomas

Question 16

care to be taken when using barium 
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Answer 16

percautions must be taken when adminstering to avoid inhilation and aspirated pneumonia

None to be left on paitents coat - as will show on xray

ACP slows gut motility and effects the rate that barium will move through the gut

Should not be given to constipated patients as will worsen the condition

Question 17

Water soluble iodine preperations

Answer 17

Iodine compounds, water soluble, may be safely injeted into blood vessels

kidneys will excrete the contrast, so will show up the urinary tract

The can be used in the GI tract if perforation is suspected

Question 18

two preperations of water soluble iodeine preperations

Answer 18

non ionic

ionic

Question 19

Non ionic solutions have _______ side effects

Answer 19

FEWER

Question 20

ionic water soluble iodine has ___________

Answer 20

HIGH OSMOTIC PRESSURE

Question 21

ionic media should not be used during _______

Answer 21

myelography due to high osmotic pressure

Question 22

ionic media uses

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Answer 22

Can be used to highlight the bladder and sinus tracts