principles of radiation protection Flashcards
when were xrays discovered
1895
what are the two types of tools that xrays can be considered
diagnostic and therapeutic
what is the purpose of radiation protection
to prevent the injury to human tissue that ionizing radiation can cause
reduces potential harmful biological effects
what are the four main ASPECTS of radiation safety
- pt not sub to unnec
- pt must be protected
- personnel must be protected
- public in vicinity must be protected
how can pt not be subjected to excessive radiation
follow procedure
ALARA
how are the public/vicinoty protected from xrays
- lead lined rooms
- closed doors
- conscious of portables
what are the cardinal principles of radiation safety
- time
- distance
- shielding
how to use time to reduce dose to pt
less on time in fluoro
reduce repeats
how to use time to reduce dose in personnel
less fluoro
less time in room
no one staff as immobil
how to use shielding to reduce personnel dose
sield appropriately
lead walls by control panel
what unit is used to measure exposure (2)
C/kg or mR
what unit is used to measure effective dose
mSv
what unit is used to measure absorbed dose
mGy
what is the ICRP
international commission of radiation protection
international body
what is the BEIR
academy/council… on the biological effects of ionizing radiation
mosty american national
what document is from health canada
the SC35
what is the MOH
ministry of health
provincial
what document did the MOH produce
HARP
what is the MOL
ministry of labour
provincial
wat document did the MOL produce
occupational health and safety act
what is the occupational dose limit for whole body
20mSv/yr over 5
max 50 mSv in one year
what is the occupational dose limit for the lens of the eye
20 mSv/yr, over 5 yrs
max of 50 in one year
what is the occupational dose limit for the skin
500 mSv equivalent dose
what is the occupational dose limit for the hands and feet
500mSv equivalent dose
what is the general public dose limit for the whole body
1mSv
what is the general public dose limit for the lens of the eye
15mSv
what is the general public dose limit for skin
50 mSv equivalent dose
who requires a personal dosimeter?
“occupationally exposed personnel”
anypna @ risk of exceeding public dose of 1mSv
what is a TLD
thermoluminescent dosimeter
what is an OSL
optically stimulated luminescence
how do you know the level at which to wear your dosimeter?
photo on the badge
where are TLDs worn with aprons?
UNDER!! always!!
does the ICRP recommend discrimination in the dose limits between different biological sexes of persons of reproductive
capacity?
nope!
what is the effective dose limits after pregnancy announcement
4 mSv
what is considered unnecessary radiation?
- Any radiation exposure that does not benefit a person in terms of diagnostic information obtained for the clinical management of medical needs
- Any radiation exposure that does not enhance the quality of the study
what 4 things do rad techs and rads do to follow ALARA?
- educated in safe equipment operation
- use protective devices
- follow established procedures
- select appropriate exposure factors
