minimizing exposure to the patient Flashcards
what 2 things does EfD incorporate?
effect of the type of radiation (EqD)
variability in radiosensitivity of the organ or part irradiated
define risk (general term)
the probability of injury, ailment, or death resulting from an activity
defin risk (medically, ref to radsci)
the possibility of inducing a radiogenic cancer or genetic defect after irradaition
what is a willingness to accept risk
the perception that the potential benefit if greater than the risk involved
with whom does the responsibility for ordering a radiologic exam lie with?
the ordering or referring physician
what are 2 reasons for which a patient would elect to assume risk
essential diagnostic information of illness or injury
health screening purposes
name 4 benefits of effective communication
- reduces anxiety and emotional distress
- enhances professional image, as caring
- increases the likelihood for cooperation
- reduces repeats due to poor communication
when is communication between radt and pt effective? (3)
- verbal and nonverbal are understood as intended
- demonstration of respect for dignity and individuality
- clear, concise instructions
what are the two types of pt motion
voluntary and involuntary
how can pt exposure be reduced in regards to motion
use proper body part immobilization, or motion reduction techniques
what accuracy must be obtained with distance and centering
distance - 2%
centering - 1%
to reduce dose, the SOD must be ____
as large as possible
what is the minimum SSD
30cm or 12 inches
what is SSD
source to skin distance
what is the general distance used for mobile radiography
100 cm
sometimes 120cm
what is the dose advantage of imaging PA?
reduction of dose to gonads, breast tissue, thyroid
why would you maybe not use a PA position
if AP is needed for demonstration
for comfort
pt might not be able to move/perform PA
name 4 x-ray beam limitation devices
light-localizing variable-aperture rectangular collimator
aperture diaphragms
cones
cylinders
what are the 2 major advantages to beam limitation
- significant reduction in pt dose (scatter is reduced)
- improves image quality
every ____, _____ checks collimation and ___ ____ _____
year, SC35, light beam congruency
what is the purpose of radiographic beam filtration
to filter out (absorb) the low energy photons, which are the most harmful
what are the 2 types of filtration
inherent and added
what is the most common material used for filtration?
aluminum
what is a HVL?
half-value layer is the thickness of an absorber required to dec the ea, by 50% of it’s initial value
