Principles of Nutrition - Protein Flashcards
Why do we need protein?
essential for growth and repair in the body and for the maintenance of good health
What are the main sources of HBV proteins?
- lean meat
- eggs
- dairy products (cheese, milk, yoghurt)
What are the main sources of LBV proteins?
- seeds and nuts
- beans and legumes (lentils and chickpeas)
- grains (wheat, oats, buckwheat)
- soya products
- Quorn
What are the essential amino acids?
- isoleucine, lysine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, valine
What are the non-essential amino acids?
alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid
What happens if we consume too much protein?
- used as energy
What happens if we do not consume enough protein?
- wasting and shrinkage of muscle tissue
- oedema, build up of fluids, particularly in the feet and ankles
- anaemia, the blood’s inability to deliver sufficient oxygen to the cells, usually caused by lack of iron
- slow growth (in children)
Dietary reference values for children.
1-3 years: 15g
4-6 years: 20g
7-10 years: 28g
11-14 years: 42g
15-18 years: 55g
Dietary reference values for adults.
19-50 years: 55g
50 years +: 53g
What are the macronutrients?
Refer to carbohydrates, protein and fat which the body needs in large amounts.
They are measured in grams.
What are the micronutrients?
Refer to vitamins, minerals and trace elements, which the body needs in small amounts.
They are measured in mg(milligram) or micrograms.
Definition of macronutrients.
Defined as a class of chemical
compounds which humans consume in the largest quantities.
Definition of micronutrients.
Micronutrients are required by humans throughout life in small quantities to facilitate a range of physiological functions.
