Principles of Metallurgy

Question 1

The art and science of extracting and refining metals from primary and secondary sources to characterize, process, and fabricate for application and use at a profit.

Answer 1

Metallurgy

Question 2

This refers to process and methods of extracting metals from their natural mineral deposits. This is a material science field.

Answer 2

Extractive Metallurgy

Question 3

The selective reaction of valuable metal using aqueous reagents

Answer 3

Hydrometallurgy

Question 4

Heat is used to achieve decomposition of the valuable metal compound.

Answer 4

Pyrometallurgy

Question 5

Electrolysis is used to selectively deposit the valuable metal

Answer 5

Electrometallurgy

Question 6

It deals with the extraction of metals from their ores.

Answer 6

Chemical Metallurgy

Question 7

It deals with the nature, structure, and properties of metals and alloys, together with the mechanisms which change these properties according to the requirements.

Answer 7

Physical Metallurgy

Question 8

This is the study of the physical structure and components of metals, by using microscopy.

Answer 8

Metallography

Question 9

It deals with working and shaping of metals and alloys by casting, powder metallurgy, forging, rolling, extruding, drawing and etc.

Answer 9

Mechanical Metallurgy

Question 10

It involves the extraction of metals with chemical reactions at high temperature usually performed in reactors with refractories using dry reagents for extraction.

Answer 10

Pyrometallurgy

Question 11

The process of heating the ore at a temperature not sufficient to melt the ore, in the absence of air; and converts carbonates to oxides.

Answer 11

Calcination

Question 12

The process of heating the ore in the presence of excess air.

Answer 12

Roasting

Question 13

It is the separation by melting; a process of melting and separating the feed into two immiscible liquids. In this process, fluxes are added to facilitate slag formation.

Answer 13

Smelting

Question 14

A refining or purifying process. This oxidizes impurities from pig iron and sulfur from copper mattes.

Answer 14

Converting

Question 15

This involves the heating of ore material, usually with a binder to convert fine particles into larger lumps for easy handling.

Answer 15

Sintering (frittage)

Question 16

A molten solution of metal oxides and silicon dioxide and in some cases metal sulfides. This is a by-product of smelting.

Answer 16

Slag

Question 17

This is a by product of smelting iron and steel

Answer 17

Ferrous Slag

Question 18

This is by product of smelting iron and its alloys in production

Answer 18

Ferroalloy Slag

Question 19

This is the by products in the recovery of non-ferrous metals such as copper, nickel, zinc, and phosphorus.

Answer 19

Non-ferrous/ Base Slag

Question 20

These are solid impurities found floating on top of low melting temperature metals/ alloys ( tin, lead, zinc or aluminum or alloys by oxidation of the metal).

Answer 20

Dross

Question 21

The molten solution of sulfides formed during smelting of copper, nickel, and lead

Answer 21

Matte

Question 22

The unwanted molten solution of arsenides of iron, cobalt, copper, and nickel formed during matte smelting.

Answer 22

Speiss

Question 23

These are heated by the flame and radiation from the sidewalls, and transfers the heat to the bath then the charge is isolated from external heat source.

Answer 23

Crucible Furnaces (Class 1)

Question 24

The flame heats the bath both directly and by radiation from the roof.

Answer 24

Hearth Furnaces (Class 2)

Question 25

It is used for continuous melting processes; the solid charge flows down under gravity and the product is collected at the bath and the gases rise to heat and react with the charge.

Answer 25

Shaft Furnaces (Class 3)

Question 26

The electrodes deliver the electrical energy. This is used primarily for its flexibility and production of clean melt.

Answer 26

Electric Arc Furnace

Question 27

This uses heating coils and indirect heating of charge

Answer 27

Induction Furnace