Principles of Intervention Flashcards
Examples of Musculoskeletal Disorders
- Strain
- Sprain
- Dislocation
- Subluxation
- Muscle/tendon rupture or tear
- Tendinous lesions/tendinopathy
- Synovitis
- Hemarthrosis
- Ganglion
- Bursitis
- Contusion
- Overuse syndromes, cumulative trauma disorders, repetitive strain injury
Examples of Clinical conditions resulting from trauma or pathology
- Dysfunction
- Joint dysfunction
- Contractures
- Adhesions
- Reflex muscle guarding
- Intrinsic muscle spasm
- Muscle weakness
- Myofascial compartment syndromes
List the grades of soft tissue lesions from least to most severe
Grade 1
Grade 2
Grade 3
3 Stages of inflammation and repair
1) Acute Stage
2) Subactue Stage
3) Chronic Stage
What occurs during the acute stage?
Characterized by inflammation
-involves cellular, vascular, and chemical responses in the tissue
How long does the acute stage normally last?
1-6 days
How should you treat a patient in the acute stage?
Most important to protect the injured tissue
- PROM - Low-dosage joint mobilization techniques - Muscle setting - Massage - ROM - Muscle performance - Functional activities - Circulation
What occurs during the subacute stage?
Characterized by repair and healing
- Inflammation begins to decrease - Clot starts resolving - Repair of the injured site begins
How long does the subacute stage normally last?
Usually lasts days 3-20, but may last up to 6 weeks
Wound closure usually takes __ to __ days in muscle and skin
5-8
Wound closure usually takes __ to __ weeks in tendons and ligaments
3-6
How should you treat a patient in the sub acute stage?
Manage pain and inflammation and begin initiation of active exercises - Multiple-angle, submaximal isometric exercises - AROM exercises - Muscular endurance - Protected weight-bearing exercises Initiation and progression of stretching - Warming the tissues - Inhibition techniques - Joint mobilization - Stretching techniques - Massage - Use of the new range
What occurs during the chronic stage?
Maturation and remodeling occur as collagen fibers become thicker and reorient in response to stresses placed on the connective tissue
When does the chronic stage begin?
Usually day 9 and on
How should you treat a patient in the chronic stage?
Continue to progress until they are able to return to high-demand activities
What is Chronic Recurring Pain?
Etiology of chronic inflammation leading to prolonged or recurring pain due to…
- Overuse, cumulative trauma, repetitive strain - Trauma - Re-injury of an old scar - Contractures or poor mobility
How should you manage a patient with chronic recurring pain during the acute stage?
MUST control and avoid inflammation and pain
How should you manage a patient with chronic recurring pain during the subacute and chronic stage?
Slowly progress exercises so tissue develops ability to withstand stresses of functional activities
What is arthritis?
Inflammation of a joint
What is arthrosis?
Limitation of a joint without inflammation