Hip Region Flashcards
When the femur flexes what direction does it roll and slide?
Roll: Anterior
Slide: Posterior
When the femur extends what direction does it roll and slide?
Roll: Posterior
Slide: Anterior
When the femur abducts what direction does it roll and slide?
Roll: Lateral
Slide: Inferior
When the femur adducts what direction does it roll and slide?
Roll: Medial
Slide: Superior
When the femur internally rotates what direction does it roll and slide?
Roll: Medial
Slide: Posterior
When the femur externally rotates what direction does it roll and slide?
Roll: Lateral
Slide: Anterior
Which hip muscles are out of balance when someone portrays a slouched posture?
- Shortened rectus femoris and hamstrings
- General limitation of hip rotators
- Weak, stretched iliopsoas
- Weak and shortened posterior portion of the gluteus medius
- Weak, poorly developed gluteus maximus
What are some LE compensations associated with slouched posture?
- hip extension
- medial rotation of the femur
- genu recurvatum
- genu varum
- pes valgus
What do the hip flexors do during gait?
- Control hip extension at the end of stance
- Contract concentrically to initiate swing
What do the hip extensors do during gait?
- Control the flexor moment at initial foot contact
- Gluteus maximus initiates hip extension
What do the hip abductors do during gait?
- Control lateral pelvic tilt during swinging of the opposite leg
- Lateral shifting of the trunk occurs over the weak side during stance when the opposite leg swings
What are a few pathologies associated with hip joint hypomobility?
- Osteoarthritis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Aseptic necrosis
- Congenital deformities
How do you manage someone with hip joint hypomobility?
First you must….
- Decrease pain at rest
- Decrease pain during weight-bearing activities
- Decrease effects of stiffness and maintain available motion
And then you can….
- Progressively increase joint play and soft tissue mobility by way of stretching, joint mobilizations, and/or soft tissue massage
What are a few pathologies associated with paintful hip syndromes?
- Tendinitis or Muscle Pull
- Trochanteric Bursitis
- Psoas Bursitis
- Ischiogluteal Bursitis (Tailor’s Bottom)
What are some common structural and functional impairments associated with painful hip syndromes?
- Pain
- Gait deviations
- Imbalance in muscle flexibility ad strength
- Decreased muscular endurance
When there is decreased flexibility in the hip where is the movement transmitted to?
The spine; also on the knee
Tight hip extensors cause increased lumbar _____ when the thigh flexes
flexion
Tight hip extensors cause increased lumbar _____ when the thigh extends
extension
What does asymmetrical leg length cause?
Lateral pelvic tilting
What is coxa valga?
A pathologically large angle of inclination between the femoral neck and shaft of the femur
What is coxa vara?
A pathologically small angle of inclination between the femoral neck and shaft of the femur
Coxa vara leads to what?
knock-kneed
Cox valga leads to what?
Bowleggedness
Unilateral cox valga results in what?
A relatively longer leg on that side and associated genu varum
Unilateral cox vara results in what?
A relatively shorter leg on that side and associated genu valgum
What is normal femoral neck anteversion?
15-20 degrees
What occurs at the hip region if there is increased anteversion?
Shaft of the femur is rotated medially due to an increase in the torsion of the femoral neck
At what angle is it considered increased anteversion?
> 20 degrees
What occurs at the hip region if there is retroversion?
Shaft of the femur is rotated laterally due to a decrease in torsion of the femoral neck
At what angle is it considered retroversion?
<5 degrees
What sitting position should children avoid to prevent hip retroversion?
W-sitting
What are the two types of tibial torsions?
Internal tibial torsion and External tibial torsion
Which hip muscles are out of balance when someone portrays a flat back posture?
Shortened rectus femoris, IT band, and gluteus maximus
What is an important concept for management systems for THA patients?
Mobility is key early in recovery
