Hip Region

Question 1

When the femur flexes what direction does it roll and slide?

Answer 1

Roll: Anterior
Slide: Posterior

Question 2

When the femur extends what direction does it roll and slide?

Answer 2

Roll: Posterior
Slide: Anterior

Question 3

When the femur abducts what direction does it roll and slide?

Answer 3

Roll: Lateral
Slide: Inferior

Question 4

When the femur adducts what direction does it roll and slide?

Answer 4

Roll: Medial
Slide: Superior

Question 5

When the femur internally rotates what direction does it roll and slide?

Answer 5

Roll: Medial
Slide: Posterior

Question 6

When the femur externally rotates what direction does it roll and slide?

Answer 6

Roll: Lateral
Slide: Anterior

Question 7

Which hip muscles are out of balance when someone portrays a slouched posture?

Answer 7

• Shortened rectus femoris and hamstrings
• General limitation of hip rotators
• Weak, stretched iliopsoas
• Weak and shortened posterior portion of the gluteus medius
• Weak, poorly developed gluteus maximus

Question 8

What are some LE compensations associated with slouched posture?

Answer 8

• hip extension
• medial rotation of the femur
• genu recurvatum
• genu varum
• pes valgus

Question 9

What do the hip flexors do during gait?

Answer 9

• Control hip extension at the end of stance

- Contract concentrically to initiate swing

Question 10

What do the hip extensors do during gait?

Answer 10

• Control the flexor moment at initial foot contact

- Gluteus maximus initiates hip extension

Question 11

What do the hip abductors do during gait?

Answer 11

• Control lateral pelvic tilt during swinging of the opposite leg
• Lateral shifting of the trunk occurs over the weak side during stance when the opposite leg swings

Question 12

What are a few pathologies associated with hip joint hypomobility?

Answer 12

• Osteoarthritis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Aseptic necrosis
• Congenital deformities

Question 13

How do you manage someone with hip joint hypomobility?

Answer 13

First you must….
- Decrease pain at rest
- Decrease pain during weight-bearing activities
- Decrease effects of stiffness and maintain available motion
And then you can….
- Progressively increase joint play and soft tissue mobility by way of stretching, joint mobilizations, and/or soft tissue massage

Question 14

What are a few pathologies associated with paintful hip syndromes?

Answer 14

• Tendinitis or Muscle Pull
• Trochanteric Bursitis
• Psoas Bursitis
• Ischiogluteal Bursitis (Tailor’s Bottom)

Question 15

What are some common structural and functional impairments associated with painful hip syndromes?

Answer 15

• Pain
• Gait deviations
• Imbalance in muscle flexibility ad strength
• Decreased muscular endurance

Question 17

When there is decreased flexibility in the hip where is the movement transmitted to?

Answer 17

The spine; also on the knee

Question 18

Tight hip extensors cause increased lumbar _____ when the thigh flexes

Answer 18

flexion

Question 19

Tight hip extensors cause increased lumbar _____ when the thigh extends

Answer 19

extension

Question 20

What does asymmetrical leg length cause?

Answer 20

Lateral pelvic tilting

Question 21

What is coxa valga?

Answer 21

A pathologically large angle of inclination between the femoral neck and shaft of the femur

Question 22

What is coxa vara?

Answer 22

A pathologically small angle of inclination between the femoral neck and shaft of the femur

Question 23

Coxa vara leads to what?

Answer 23

knock-kneed

Question 24

Cox valga leads to what?

Answer 24

Bowleggedness

Question 25

Unilateral cox valga results in what?

Answer 25

A relatively longer leg on that side and associated genu varum

Question 26

Unilateral cox vara results in what?

Answer 26

A relatively shorter leg on that side and associated genu valgum

Question 27

What is normal femoral neck anteversion?

Answer 27

15-20 degrees

Question 28

What occurs at the hip region if there is increased anteversion?

Answer 28

Shaft of the femur is rotated medially due to an increase in the torsion of the femoral neck

Question 29

At what angle is it considered increased anteversion?

Answer 29

> 20 degrees

Question 30

What occurs at the hip region if there is retroversion?

Answer 30

Shaft of the femur is rotated laterally due to a decrease in torsion of the femoral neck

Question 31

At what angle is it considered retroversion?

Answer 31

<5 degrees

Question 32

What sitting position should children avoid to prevent hip retroversion?

Answer 32

W-sitting

Question 33

What are the two types of tibial torsions?

Answer 33

Internal tibial torsion and External tibial torsion

Question 34

Which hip muscles are out of balance when someone portrays a flat back posture?

Answer 34

Shortened rectus femoris, IT band, and gluteus maximus

Question 35

What is an important concept for management systems for THA patients?

Answer 35

Mobility is key early in recovery