Principles Of Human Movement Science/OPT Model/Principles Of Motor Development

Question 1

Stabilization

Answer 1

Ability to maintain postural equilibrium and support joints during movement

Phase 1 of OPT

Question 2

External feedback

Answer 2

Information provided by some external source (e.g. fitness professional, recording, mirror, etc.)

Question 5

Isometric

Answer 5

Muscular force equal to resistive force; no change in muscle length

Question 6

Force-velocity curve

Answer 6

As the velocity of a contraction increases, concentric force decreases and eccentric force increases

Question 9

Feedback

Answer 9

Use of sensory information and sensorimotor integration to help the HMS in motor learning

Question 10

Altered reciprocal inhibition

Answer 10

Muscle inhibition cause by a tight antagonist, which inhibits it’s functional antagonist

Question 11

Length-tension relationship

Answer 11

Resting length of a muscle and the tension it can produce at that length

Question 12

Internal feedback

Answer 12

Sensory information is used by the body to reactively monitor movement and the environment

Question 13

Concentric

Answer 13

Muscular force greater than resistive force; muscle shortens

Question 14

Davis’s law

Answer 14

Soft tissue models along the lines of stress

Question 15

Motor development

Answer 15

The Shang in motor skill behavior over time throughout the lifespan

Question 17

Muscle synergies

Answer 17

Groups of muscles that are recruited by the CNS to provide movement

Question 18

Structural efficiency

Answer 18

Alignment of the musculoskeletal system that allows center of gravity to be maintained over a base of support

Question 20

Motor control

Answer 20

How the CNS integrates sensory information with previous experiences

Question 23

Sensorimotor integration

Answer 23

Ability of the nervous system to gather and interpret information, and execute the proper motor response

Question 24

Muscle imbalance

Answer 24

Alteration of muscle length surrounding a joint

Question 25

Strength endurance

Answer 25

Muscles’ ability to contract for an extended period

Phase 2 of OPT

Question 27

Motor behavior

Answer 27

Motor response to internal and external stimuli

Question 30

Eccentric

Answer 30

Muscle develops tension while lengthening; decelerates force

Question 31

Neuromuscular efficiency

Answer 31

Ability to produce and reduce force, and stabilize the kinetic chain in all three planes of motion

Question 32

Muscular hypertrophy

Answer 32

Enlargement of skeletal muscle fibers from resistance training

Phase 4 OPT

Question 33

Motor learning

Answer 33

Integration of motor control processes through practice, leading to a relatively permanent change to produce skilled movement

Question 35

Maximal strength

Answer 35

Largest force a muscle can produce in a single voluntary effort

Phase 3 OPT

Question 36

Proprioception

Answer 36

Cumulative sensory input from all mechanoreceptors that sense position and limb movements

Question 37

Pattern overload

Answer 37

Consistently repeating the same motion; places admiral stresses on the body

Question 39

Postural distortion patterns

Answer 39

Predictable patterns of muscle imbalances

Question 40

Autogenic inhibition

Answer 40

When neural impulses that sense tension are greater than the impulses that cause muscles to contract; inhibits muscle spindles

Question 41

Power

Answer 41

Ability to produce the greatest force in the shortest time

Phase 5 OPT

Question 42

Strength

Answer 42

Ability of neuromuscular system to produce internal tension to overcome an external force

Question 46

Synergistic dominance

Answer 46

Synergist takes over function for a weak or inhibited prime mover

Question 51

Relative flexibility

Answer 51

Tendency of the body to seek the path of least resistance

Question 53

Force-couple

Answer 53

Muscles working together to produce movement

Question 54

Reciprocal inhibition

Answer 54

Simultaneous contraction of one muscle, and relaxation of its antagonist to allow movement