Muscular System Flashcards
Muscle fiber
Cellular components and myofibrils encased in a plasma membrane
Local stabilization system
Attach directly to vertebrae. Consists of: transverse abdominis, internal oblique, multifidus, pelvic floor, diaphragm
Sliding filament theory
Thick and thin filaments slide past one another, shortening the entire sarcomere
Type 1 (slow twitch) muscle tissue
Smaller size; slower to produce tension; fatigue slowly
Global stabilization system
Attach from pelvis to spine. Consists of: quadratus lumborum, psoas major, external obliques, rectus abdominus, gluteus medius, adductor complex
Movement system
Attach spine and/or pelvis to extremities. Consists of: latissimus dorsi, hip flexors, hamstring complex, quadriceps
Neural activation
Contraction of a muscle generated by neural stimulation
Tendons
Connect muscle to bone; provide anchor for muscles to produce force
Fascicles
Bundle of individual muscle fibers
Type 2 (fast twitch) muscle tissue
Larger size; quick to produce tension; fatigue quickly
Motor unit
One motor neuron and the muscle fibers it connects with
Neurotransmitters
Chemical messengers that transport impulses from nerve to muscle
Sarcomere
Produces muscular contraction; repeating sections of actin and myosin
Fascia
Outer layer of connective tissue surrounding a muscle
