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KINESIOLOGY > Principles of Biomechanics > Flashcards

Principles of Biomechanics Flashcards

1
Q

It is the organization of information dealing with
motion or it is the study of movement

A

Kinesiology

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2
Q

is the science of the shape and structure of the
human body and its parts

A

Anatomy

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3
Q

is a discipline that uses principles of physics to
quantitatively study how forces interact within a living
body

A

Biomechanics

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4
Q

is the biological study of living organisms

A

Physiology

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5
Q

These are mostly used in sports and are
administered by sports PTs
➢ These tapes both promote and inhibit movement
(it depends on the condition of the athlete)
➢ There are points of attachment where you need
to put the tapes

A

Kinesio tapes

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6
Q

Meaning of OINA

A

Origin
Insertion
Nerve Supply
Action

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7
Q

T or F
Kinesio tapes are used to prevent motion

A

FALSE
Braces are used to prevent motion

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7
Q

T or F
In Kinesiology, we need to learn how to manipulate forces to prevent or lessen injuries and provide optimal performance

A

TRUE

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8
Q

These help immobilize the part of the body that
needs to be healed

A

Splints help immobilize the part of the body that
needs to be healed

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9
Q

T or F
We need to understand movements and the
forces that would act on the human body (this can
be used with conditioning

A

TRUE

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10
Q

is a branch of social science that deals with the
behavior of physical bodies when subjected to forces
or displacement

A

Mechanics

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11
Q

2 Types of Mechanics and their definition

A

Static - the body is at rest or in uniform motion
Dynamic - the body would be moving

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12
Q

It is the science concerned with the internal and
external forces acting on the human body and the
effects produced by these forces

A

Biomechanics

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13
Q

T or F
Biomechanics go hand in hand with kinesiology

A

TRUE

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14
Q

Describing the forces acting upon the motion
Deals with the forces that

A

Kinetics

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15
Q

Science of the motion of bodies in space
- Allows us to describe the displacement/motion of a segment without regard to the forces

A

Kinematics

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15
Q

Kinematics can be described by: (5 items)

A

Type of motion,
- location,
- direction,
- magnitude,
- rate of change in displacement, or change in velocity

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16
Q

2 divisions of kinematics:

A

Osteokinematics
Arthrokinematics

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17
Q

Osteo or Artho?
lifting the shoulder up = movement of the scapula and
humerus

A

Osteokinematics

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18
Q

Osteo or Arthro?
Lifting the shoulder = movement of the glenoid fossa and the humeral head

A

Arthrokinematics

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19
Q

An area of physicists that consists of the motion
and the study of the effects of the forces in objects

A

Mechanics

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20
Q

What type of contraction is Concentric contraction

A
  • shortening of the muscle length
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21
Q

What type of contraction is Eccentric contraction

A

lengthening of the muscle length

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22
Q

What type of contraction is Isometric contraction?

A

no change in the muscle length

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23
Q

T or F
TRANSLATORY MOTION aka Linear displacement

A

TRUE

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24
Q

linear motion in which all parts of the rigid body would move parallel and in the same direction as every other type of the body

A

TRANSLATORY MOTION

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25
Q

occurs along or parallel to an axis
distance = direction = velocity = time

A

TRANSLATORY MOTION

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26
Q

2 Types of Translatory Motion:

A

Rectilinear
Curvilinear

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27
Q

moving in a curved path but still moving from point A to B

A

Curvilinear

28
Q
  • movement in a more or less straight line from one location to another
A

Rectilinear

29
Q

T or F
ROSARY MOTION aka Angular displacement

A

FALSE
ROTARY MOTION aka Angular displacement

30
Q

Movement of a segment around a fixed axis in a
curved path

A

ROTARY MOTION

31
Q

T or F
When Rotary motion is compared to curvilinear, the curvilinear motion does not have a pivot point while the
rotary motion has a pivot point

A

TRUE

32
Q

What motion is being performed?
A ball that is thrown

A

A ball that is thrown = curvilinear

33
Q

What motion is being performed?
Flexing the shoulder

A

Flexing the shoulder = angular (since there is an axis)

34
Q

What motion is being performed?
The scapula moving up and down, laterally and medially

A

The scapula moving up and down, laterally and medially

Linear motion

35
Q

What motion is being performed?
The clavicle or the collarbone moving up and down

A

The clavicle or the collarbone moving up and down

Angular (there is an attachment which is the sternum)

36
Q

are caused by stimulated muscle, such as when
lifting a glass of water toward the mouth

A

Active movements

37
Q

are caused by sources other than active muscle
contraction, such as a push from another person,
the pull of gravity, tension in stretched connective
tissues.

A

Passive movements

38
Q

2 Reference Positions

A

Anatomical position
Fundamental position

39
Q

above in relation to another structure; higher, cephalic

A

Superior (supra):

40
Q

below in relation to another structure;
caudal

A

Inferior (infra):

41
Q

beneath or below the surface; used to describe
relative depth or location of muscles or tissues

A

Deep:

42
Q

Near the surface; used to describe
relative depth or location of muscles or tissue

A

Superficial:

43
Q

pertaining or relating to the opposite side

A

Contralateral:

44
Q

relating to the right and left sides of the body
or of a body structure such as the right and left
extremities

A

Bilateral (B)

45
Q

on the same side

A

Ipsilateral:

46
Q

situated away from the center or midline of the
body, or away from the point of origin

A

Distal:

47
Q

nearest the trunk or point of origin

A

Proximal:

48
Q

on or to the side; outside, farther from the
median or midsagittal plane

A

Lateral:

49
Q

relating to the middle or center; nearer to the
medial or midsagittal plane

A

Medial:

50
Q

below and to the outside

A

Inferolateral:

51
Q

Inferomedial:
Superolateral:
Superomedial:

A

Inferomedial: below and toward the midline or inside
Superolateral: above and to the outside
Superomedial: above and toward the midline or inside

52
Q

Prone:
Supine:
Dorsal:

A

Prone: the body lying face downward; stomach lying
Supine: Lying on the back; face upward position of the body
Dorsal: relating to the back; posterior

53
Q

Ventral:
Volar:
Plantar:

A

Ventral: relating to the belly or abdomen
Volar: relating to the palm of the hand or sole of the foot
Plantar: relating to the sole or undersurface of the foot

54
Q

Anterior:
Anteroinferior:
Anterosuperior:

A

Anterior: in front or in the front part
Anteroinferior: in front and below
Anterosuperior: in front and above

55
Q

Anterolateral:
Anteromedial:
Anteroposterior:

A

Anterolateral: in front and to the side, especially the outside
Anteromedial: in front and toward the inner side or midline
Anteroposterior: relating to both front and near

56
Q

Posterior:
Posteroinferior:
Posterolateral:

A

Posterior: behind, in back, or in the rear
Posteroinferior: behind and below; in back and below
Posterolateral: behind and to one side; specifically to the outside

57
Q

Posteromedial:
Posterosuperior:

A

posteromedial: behind and to the inner side
Posterosuperior: behind and at the upper part

58
Q

movement of body segments around a joint axis
resulting motion of bones relative to 3 cardinal planes
from physiological movements

A

OSTEOKINEMATICS

59
Q

physiological movements -> flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, etc.

A

OSTEOKINEMATICS

60
Q

Imaginary two-dimensional surface through which a
limb or body segment is moved

A

PLANE OF MOTION

61
Q

What plane direction?
X-axis -
Y-axis -
Z-axis -

A

X-axis - horizontal
Y-axis - Vertical
Z-axis - 3rd plane

62
Q

______ or Antero-posterior Plane

A

Sagittal or Antero-posterior Plane

63
Q

Divides the body into equal, bilateral segments
It bisects the body into 2 equal symmetrical halves or a right and left half

A

Sagittal or Antero-posterior Plane

64
Q

divides the body into anterior and posterior halves

A

Frontal or Coronal Plane

65
Q

XY plane
➢ Side movement,

A

Frontal or Coronal Plane

66
Q

divides the body into superior and inferior halves when
the individual is in anatomic position

A

Transverse or Horizontal Plane

67
Q

XZ plane

A

Transverse or Horizontal Plane

68
Q

What plane does these occurs:
trunk rotation,
internal and external rotation,
sit-up
abduction and adduction

A

trunk rotation, = Transverse or Horizontal Plane
internal and external rotation, = Transverse or Horizontal Plane
sit-up = Sagittal or Antero-posterior Plane
abduction and adduction = Frontal or Coronal Plane

69
Q
A

KINESIOLOGY (11 decks)

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