Principles Governing Watershed Management

Question 1

Watershed Guiding Principles:

Answer 1

a. Holistic and balanced framework
b. Equitability and participatory
c. Efficiency and effectiveness
d. Adequate and Coherent Policies
e. Integrated land use planning
f. Promotion of equity in forest management through community-based approach
g. Rehabilitation of denuded forest lands
h. Low impact but efficient watershed resources harvesting and utilization

Question 2

Holistic and balanced framework

Answer 2

• Watershed is an ecosystem
• Watershed has many uses

Question 3

• Watershed is a common property with many stakeholders.

Answer 3

Equitability and participatory

Question 4

Some of the major watershed stakeholders include:

Answer 4

• the state,
• the forest communities,
• the local government units,
• water users and
• the forest-based industry sector.

Question 5

While equitable sharing should be commensurate to one’s investments, it should also be adequate enough to encourage _____________

Answer 5

sustainable participation

Question 6

• Enormous financial resources are usually associated with watershed management. For so many years, money has always been a constraint.
• To augment inadequate internal funds, we either seek the aid of donor agencies or borrow from lending institutions.

Answer 6

Efficiency and effectiveness

Question 7

Sustainable watershed management requires that _____________ must be set in place

Answer 7

adequate policies

Question 8

___________ is an important key to the sustainability of our forest and other natural resources. It is essential in the optimum use of scarce land resources for various environmental protection and forest production purposes. It is instrumental in harmonizing and meeting the usually competing demands for land and other watershed resources.

Answer 8

Land use planning

Question 9

________ is a process that enables us to see the different biophysical and socioeconomic impacts of various land use options.

Answer 9

land use planning

Question 10

the corporate approach was responsible for raking in revenues in billions of dollars that enriched only a few but failed to uplift a large majority of forest communities from poverty.

Answer 10

Promotion of equity in forest management through community-based approach

Question 11

• is a strategy to make forest-dependent communities more self-reliant, self-sufficient, progressive and effective managers rather than spoilers of forest resources. It is based on the premise that if they receive adequate forest benefits to meet their needs for a decent lifestyle, these communities will sustainably manage the forest resources because of their secure stake on it.

Answer 11

Community-based forest management (CBFM)

Question 12

• There should be a good species-site mix.
• Minimal use of exotics in favor of indigenous species. The

Answer 12

• There should be a good species-site mix.
• Minimal use of exotics in favor of indigenous species.
• Quality planting materials should be made available to improve chances for successful reforestation.
• Adequate funds must be allocated for seed production, and
  maintenance and protection of plantation.

Question 13

This will entail not only the use of environmentally benign harvesting systems but also the maximization of the use of harvesting residues previously considered as waste materials. It will also involve maximum utilization of lesser-used resources so as to alleviate the excessive pressure on commonly exploited timber and non-timber resources.

Answer 13

LOW IMPACT BUT EFFICIENT WATERSHED RESOURCES
HARVESTING AND UTILIZATION