Chapter 3

Question 1

• is a continuous process by which water is transported from the oceans to the atmosphere to the land and back to the sea.

Answer 1

hydrologic cycle

Question 2

• involves the continuous circulation of water in the Earth-Atmosphere system

Answer 2

hydrologic cycle

Question 3

Earth’s Water: ocean contains ____ water

Answer 3

96.5%

Question 4

Earth’s Water:____ on land

Answer 4

3.5%

Question 5

Earth’s Water: freshwater contains ____

Answer 5

1%

Question 6

Hydrologic cycle is expressed as ___________

Answer 6

P=RO+E+T+I+S

Question 7

• Solar radiation heats liquid from bodies of water causing gradually change into a gas
  or water vapor.

Answer 7

EVAPORATION

Question 8

Evaporation Process:

Answer 8

1. Bodies of water
2. Evaporation (water vapor)
3. Condensation (reduction of temperature)
4. Clouds (small water droplets 5to75 micrometers)
5. Coalescence (formation of bigger droplets)
6. Rain (>0.5mm diameter)

Question 9

Factors Affecting Evaporation:

Answer 9

a. Solar radiation
b. Temperature/ Relative Humility
c. Volume of available water
d. Vegetation/Soil Cover
e. Soil

Question 10

• Results of the reduction of temperature by the removal of latent heat of evaporation
  resulting to liquid product known as condensate.

Answer 10

Condensation

Question 11

• the change of the state of matter from the gas phase into the liquid phase

Answer 11

Condensation

Question 12

• condensed form of atmospheric moisture of consisting of small water droplets or tiny ice crystals.

Answer 12

Clouds

Question 13

Clouds range in size from about _____ micrometers or 0.0002to 0.003in

Answer 13

5-75

Question 14

– evaporation of water particles from plant opening or from stomata of leaves.

Answer 14

Transpiration

Question 15

• the biological process that occurs mostly in the day

Answer 15

Transpiration

Question 16

• all forms of water deposited on the earth surface and derived from atmospheric vapor.

Answer 16

Precipitation

Question 17

• Liquid water evaporates into water vapor, condenses to form clouds, and precipitates back to earth in the form of rain and snow

Answer 17

Precipitation

Question 18

TYPES OF PRECIPITATION:

Answer 18

1.) Convective precipitation
2.) Orographic precipitation
3.) Cyclonic precipitation
4. Cloud Seeding

Question 19

• results from excessive heating of the earth’s surface, causing water vapor to rise up condense, coalesce and increase in diameter before they fall as raindrop.

Answer 19

Convective precipitation

Question 20

• occurs when the heated air from the earth’s surface rises upwards along with the water vapour and gets condensed when it reaches a higher altitude

Answer 20

Convective precipitation

Question 21

• wind from the sea or ocean blows the condensed nuclei, towards the
  seashore, the condensation nuclei, coalesce and increase in diameter before they come across
  physical barriers usually fall as rain the windward direction.

Answer 21

Orographic precipitation

Question 22

• precipitation resulting from movements of air masses due to differences in barometer pressure.

Answer 22

Cyclonic precipitation

Question 23

• occurs when warm, moist air is drawn into a low-pressure cold front.

Answer 23

Cyclonic precipitation

Question 24

• forms when a relatively moist, warm air mass slides up and over a cold air mass

Answer 24

Warm Front

Question 25

• forms when a cold, dense air mass pushes under a warm, lighter air mass, forcing the warm air to
  rise

Answer 25

Cold Front

Question 26

2 Types of cyclonic precipitation

Answer 26

a.) Non-frontal
b.) Frontal

Question 27

• low pressure area is –lifted by
  air masses, followed by cooling
  and raindrop formation

Answer 27

Non-frontal

Question 28

• opposite air masses with different
  temperature meet precipitation
  occurs at the boundaries of the
  masses.

Answer 28

Frontal

Question 29

• a colder, denser air mass lifts the
  warm, moist air ahead of it. As
  the air rises, it cools and its
  moisture condenses to produce
  clouds and precipitation

Answer 29

cold front

Question 30

When a _____ collides with a
cold front, frontal rainfall occurs

Answer 30

warm front

Question 31

• silver iodide plus dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) is sprayed into the clouds which attract several small water droplets to come together to form raindrops.

Answer 31

Cloud seeding

Question 32

• a weather modification technique that improves a cloud’s ability to produce rain or snow by introducing tiny ice nuclei into certain types of subfreezing clouds

Answer 32

Cloud seeding