principle of light Flashcards
which form of energy light is
electromagnetic energy
how does the power line carry electromagnetic energy
inform of electricity
how does electromagnetic spectrum work
it extends from wavelength of many meters to wavelength of submicroscopic size
does color and frequency and light relate
yes e,g red light frequency is lower than blue light
how is white light made
it is made by mixture of different frequency light
where does light breaks in spectrum [rainbow] of colors
in prism
what device breaks down light
spectrograph
a part of electromagnetic spectrum that can be detected by human eye and at what spectrum
visible light,,,,,,, which is 7
which color object absorbs all colors except its own color
red object
which object absorbs all colors, and which reflects all
black and white
what are characteristics that electromagnetic radiations share when contacting a biological tissue
they are; reflected
transmitted
refracted
absorbed
what are the laws governing effect of electromagnetic
law of grotthus-draper and cosine law
state law of grotthus-draper
if energy not absorbed must be transmitted to dipper tissue
greater amount absorbed, lesser transmitted, lesser penetration
the smaller the angle btn propagating radiation and right angle, the less radiation reflected the greater the absorption
cosine law
what is laser
it is the Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation
what is the cold part of laser
red part from electromagnetic spectrum
properties of laser
monochromatic [single wavelength and color
coherent [straight line]
polarized [concentrates its beam in different location]
what does laser do
it penetrates the skin
it directs bio stimulative energy to body cells that promotes healing and pain relief
it optimizes the immune response of blood
has immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effect
does laser cause anything when penetrating the skin
no heating effects
no side effects
no damage to skin
what are the physiological effects of laser
wound healing
increase collagen production
increase macrophages activities
alters nerve conduction activities
what does magnitude of tissue reaction depend on
depends on; output wavelength or frequency
density of power
duration of treatment
vascularity of target tissue
which light is more selectively absorbed by specific proteins in cell membrane
infrared light
how does hit work
=it is based on low level laser therapy
=with high power and right wavelength choice allow deep penetration
=through natural process of energy transfer
=can be used in 2 modes
how does hit stimulate natural process of healing
bio stimulation and photomechanical
what are the two modes where hit can be used
pulsed for analgesic treatment
continuous for bio stimulation, healing and recovery
when is greater penetration achieved
longer wavelength and lower frequency
what does dosage [measure of energy entering the body] depends on
output of laser
time of exposure
beam surface area
how many major dosage variables are there and mention
4 which includes
power [avg and peak]
pulse duration
pulse frequency
fluency [pulse or continuous]
what are the treatments techniques
gridding
scanning
wanding
point application [acupuncture]
procedures for treatment
define location
select program
put on safety googles
start therapy
use spiral motion for analgesic
use scanning motion for biostimulation
when to use laser
soft tissue injuries
fractures
osteoarthritis, rheumatoid
pain
wound, ulcers
acupuncture
hen not to use laser
over eyes
cancerous growth
pregnancy
over cardiac region and vagus nerve
growth plates in kids
over and around thyroid gland and endocrine gland
what to consider when applying laser
better underexposed than overexposed
avoid direct eye contact
may experience a syncope [loss of conscious]
if icing use before [enhance light penetration]
if heating use after
what does photochemical reaction do
increase cellular metabolism
speed up cell repair
stimulates [lymphatic, immune and vascular]
accelerate normal healing process
what does infrared do
reduce swelling, edema, inflammation and pain
what are the benefits of light therapy
=relieve acute and chronic pain
=increase speed, quality and tensile strength and tissue repair
=increase blood supply
=stimulates immune system
=develop collagen and muscle tissue
etc.
where IR is used
headaches
neurological
foot conditions
injuries
soft tissue injuries
chronic conditions
what are the benefits of IR
drug free
chemical free
noninvasive
non-ablative
painless
safe
FDA approved
no side effects
