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EDI WOW > PRINCIPLE > Flashcards

PRINCIPLE Flashcards

1
Q

Is an analytical technique that measures the concentrations of elements. It makes use of the absorption of light by these element in order to measure their concentration

A

ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY

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2
Q

It quantifies the absorption of ground state in the gaseous state.

A

ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY

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3
Q

The atoms absorb ultraviolet of visible light and make transitions to higher electronic energy levels. The analyte concentration is determined from the amount of absorption.

A

ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY

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4
Q

Is a very common technique for detecting metals and metalloids in environmental samples.

A

ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY

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5
Q

4 principle components of atomic absorption spectrometer

A

LIGHT SOURCE (USUALLU A HOLLOW CATHODE LAMP)
AN ATOM CELL ( ATOMIZER)
MONOCHROMATOR
DETECTOR, READ OUR DEVICE

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6
Q

It is usually a hollow cathode lamp of the element that is being measured.

A

LIGHT SOURCE

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7
Q

A light source contains a _____ and a _____ made of the element to be determined.

A

TUNGSTED ANODE
HOLLOW CYLINDRICAL CATHODE

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8
Q

The light source is sealed in a glass tube filled with an _______.

A

INERT GAS (NEON OR ARGON)

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9
Q

To be analyzed needs to be in atomic sate.

A

ELEMENTS

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10
Q

In separation of particles into individual molecules and breaking molecules into atom.

A

ATOMIZATION

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11
Q

This is done by exposing the analyte to high temperature in a flame or graphite furnace.

A

ATOMIZATION

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12
Q

This dissolvate a liquid sample and then the solid particles are vaporized into their free gaseous ground state form.

A

ATOM CELL

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13
Q

Two types of atomization:

A

FLAME AND GRAPHITE FURNACE ATOMIZATION

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14
Q

Gas/Air

A

1700-1900

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15
Q

Gas/O2

A

2700-2800

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16
Q

H2/Air

A

2000-2100

17
Q

H2/02

A

2550-2700

18
Q

C2H2/Air

A

2100-2400

19
Q

C2H2/O2

A

3050-3150

20
Q

C2H2/N2O

A

2600-2800

21
Q

Factor that affects the ground state atom population can be classified as an _____?

A

INTERFERENCE

22
Q

Factors that may affect the ability of the instrument to read this parameter can also be classified as ___?

A

INTERFERENCE

23
Q

Element other than the one of interest may absorb the wavelength being used

A

Absorption of Source Radiaiton

24
Q

The formation of ions rather than atoms causes lower absorption of radiation. This problem is overcome by adding ionization suppressors.

A

IONIZATION INTERFERENCE

25
Q

The atoms ot the same kind are absorbing radiation will absorb more at the center of the line than at the wings, and thus resulting in the change of shape ot the line as well as its density.

A

SELF ABSORPTION

26
Q

This is caused by the presence of a particle from incomplete atomization,. This problem id overcome by increasing the flame temperature.

A

BACK GROUND ABSORPTION OF SOURCE RADIATION

27
Q

Rate of aspiration, novelization, or transport of the sample (eg. viscosity, surface tension, vapor pressure and density)

A

TRANSPORT INTERERENCE

28
Q

5 different interferences that are encountered in atomic absorption spectroscopy:

A

ABSORPTION OF SOURCE RADIATION

IONIZATION INTERFERENCE

SELF ABSORPTION

BACK GROUP ABSORPTION OF SOURCE RADIATION

TRANSPORT INTERFERENCE

29
Q

AAS Applications:

A

CLINICAL ANALYSIS
ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
PHARMACEUTICALS
INDUSTRY

30
Q

Analyzing metals in biological fluids such as blood and urine.

A

CLINICAL ANALYSIS

31
Q

Monitoring our environment - eg. finding out the levels of various elements in rivers, seawaters, drinking water, air and petrol.

A

ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS

32
Q

In some pharmaceutical manufacturing processes, minute quantities of a catalysts used in the process (usually a metal) are sometimes present in the final product. By using AAS the amount of catalyst present can be determined.

A

PHARMACEUTICALS

33
Q

Many raw materials are examined and AAS is widely used to check that the major elements ate present and that toxic impurities are lower than specified - eg in concrete, where calcium is a major constituent, the lead level should be low because it is toxic.

A

INDUSTRY

34
Q

Uses excited atoms

A

ATOMIC EMISSION

35
Q

Uses ground state atoms

A

ATOMIC ABSORPTION

36
Q

It is important because it influence the distribution of atoms. It can be manipulated by oxidant and fuel ratio.

A

FLAME TEMPERATURE

37
Q

5 interferences that are encountered in atomic absorption spectroscopy are:

A

ABSORPTION OF SOURCE RADIATION

IONIZATION INTERFERENCE

SELF ABSORPTION

BACK GROUND ABSORBTION OF SOURCE RADIATION

TRANSPORT INTERFERENCE

38
Q

It is a major constituent in a concrete, the lead level should be low because it is toxic.

A

CALCIUM

EDI WOW (8 decks)

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