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Physiology :Endocrine > Principals of endocrine disease and its assessment > Flashcards

Principals of endocrine disease and its assessment Flashcards

1
Q

LH FSH

A

Gonadotrophin - releasing hormone

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2
Q

Growth Hormone

A

Somatotrophin - Growth hormone, releasing hormone

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3
Q

TSH

A

Thyrotrophin - Thyrotrophin, releasing hormone

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4
Q

ACTH

A

Corticotrophin - corticotrophin, releasing horm

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5
Q

Prolactin

A

Lactotrophin

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6
Q

Total hormone Assay

A

Dependent on binding protein levels
Not always reflective of the free hormone levels
Cheap

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7
Q

Free hormone Assays

A 
A representative of the active hormone fraction
Not binding protein dependant 
Complex and expensive
Have a separation step
Can have poor reproducibility
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8
Q

Thyroid investigation

A 
Over production
- Thyroid function
- Autoantibodies
- Technesium scanning
Underproduction
- Thyroid function
- Autoantibodies 
Thyroiditis 
- Thyroid function
- ESR
- Technesium scanning
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9
Q

Actions of cortisol

A 
Increases plasma glucose levels
- Increase gluconeogenesis
- Decrease glucose utilisation
- Increase Glycogenesis
- Increase Glycogen storage
Increase lipolysis - provides energy
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10
Q

The 3 stages of Cushing’s disease investigation

A 
Screening 
- Urinary free Cortisol
- Diurnal rhythm
- Confirmation of the diagnosis
Low dose dexamethasone suppression testing
- differentiation of the cause
- ACTH
- High dose dexamethasone suppression testing
- Localisation
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11
Q

Differential diagnosis

A 
True Cushing's Syndrome 
PSEUDOCUSHING'S syndrome
- Depression
- Alcoholism
- Anorexia nervosa
- Obesity
-exogenous steroids
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12
Q

High dose dexamethasone suppression test

A

2 mg dexamethasone 6 hourly, 48 hrs
Suppresses cortisol in pituitary-dependent Cushing’s to <50%
Does not suppress cortisol if due to ectopic ACTH or adrenal neoplasia

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13
Q

Low dose dexamethasone suppression test

A

0.5 mg dexamethasone six-hourly, 48 hrs

Complete suppression in a normal subject

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14
Q

Too much hormone

A

Suppress it

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15
Q

Too little hormone

A

Stimulate it

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Physiology :Endocrine (12 decks)

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