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MCAT biology > Principal Hormones > Flashcards

Principal Hormones Flashcards

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1
Q

Growth hormone

A

Anterior pituitary. Stimulates bone and muscle growth.

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2
Q

Prolactin

A

Anterior pituitary. Stimulates milk production and secretion.

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3
Q

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)

A

Anterior pituitary. Stimulates the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete glucocorticoids.

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4
Q

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

A

Anterior pituitary. Stimulates thyroid to produce thyroid hormones.

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5
Q

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

Anterior pituitary. Stimulates ovulation in females, testosterone synthesis in males.

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6
Q

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

Anterior pituitary. Stimulates follicle maturation in females, spermatogenesis in males.

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7
Q

Oxytocin

A

Hypothalamus; stored in posterior pituitary. Stimulates uterine contractions during labor and milk secrection during lactation.

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8
Q

Vasopressin (ADH)

A

Hypothalamus; stored in posterior pituitary. Stimulates water reabsorption in kidneys.

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9
Q

Thyroid hormone

A

Thyroid. Stimulates metabolic activity.

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10
Q

Calcitonin

A

Thyroid. Decreases the blood calcium level.

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11
Q

Parathyroid hormone

A

Parathyroid. Increase the blood calcium level.

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12
Q

Glucocorticoids

A

Adrenal cortex. Increase blood glucose level and decrease protein synthesis.

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13
Q

Mineralocorticoids

A

Adrenal cortex. Increase water reabsorption in kidneys.

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14
Q

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

A

Adrenal medulla. Increase blood glucose level and heart rate.

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15
Q

Glucagon

A

Pancreas. Stimulates conversion of glycogen to glucose in liver; increases blood glucose.

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16
Q

Insulin

A

Pancreas. Lowers blood glucose and increases storage of glycogen.

17
Q

Somatostatin

A

Pancreas. Suppresses secretion of glucagon and insulin.

18
Q

Testosterone

A

Testis. Maintains male secondary sexual characteristics.

19
Q

Estrogen

A

Ovary/placenta. Maintains female secondary sexxual characteristics.

20
Q

Progesterone

A

Ovary/placenta. Promotes growth/maintenance of endometrium.

21
Q

Melatonin

A

Pineal. Unclear in humans.

22
Q

Erythropoietin

A

Kidney. Stimulates bone marrow to increase production of erythrocytes.

23
Q

Atrial natriuretic hormone

A

Heart. Involved in osmoregulation.

24
Q

Thymosin

A

Thymus. Stimulates T-lymphocyte development.

MCAT biology (4 decks)

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