Princeton: 17th & 18th Centuries

Question 0

City Upon A Hill

Answer 0

John Winthrop’s urge for the colony to be a model for others to follow

Question 1

Black Codes

Answer 1

Codes that were created to keep blacks in line within the colonies (prohibited reading and writing)

Question 2

Encomiendas

Answer 2

Grants to settlers that gave authority over Native Americans

Question 3

Evangelicalism

Answer 3

Practice of traveling and giving out sermons (Occured during both Great Awakenings to recruit new followers to churches)

Question 4

Headright System

Answer 4

Virginian idea of giving out land to those who came to the new world (2 headrights to those already there and 1 for those who moved; helped populate the New World)

Question 5

Indentured Servitude

Answer 5

A means of getting to the New World without paying; others paid your way in exchange for labor (Lasted 7 years before freed)

Question 6

Joint-Stock Company

Answer 6

Company that invests in a company in hopes of a profit (Virginia Company)

Question 7

Mercantilism

Answer 7

Exporting more than importing in order to make a profit (British use pf American colonies)

Question 8

Middle Passage

Answer 8

Passage that brought slaves to the Americas (Many died on the ships and were sent to all agrarian colonies)

Question 9

Proprietary Colony

Answer 9

Colony that is given to someone as a favor (King James handed out land for debts; Pennsylvania)

Question 10

Puritanism

Answer 10

Desire to purify the Anglican church of Roman Catholic practices (Many Puritans left to make a colony in the New World)

Question 11

Royal Colony

Answer 11

Colony that the King took ownership of i.e. Georgia, New York, Virginia, Carolinas, New Jersey

Question 12

Salutary Neglect

Answer 12

Period when Britain paid no attention to its colonies (New England Colonies banded together and began making a new government)

Question 13

Slavery

Answer 13

Form of labor in the colonies (Slaves were cheap, and were transported to all agrarian colonies as a means of labor)

Question 14

Tariffs

Answer 14

Taxed placed on other countries goods (British power to tax goods that came from other countries to the Americas)

Question 15

Bacon’s Rebellion

Answer 15

Led by Nathaniel Bacon; Group of farmers that protested the taxes placed on them and attacked Natives to hinder relations between the British and Natives

Question 16

Glorious Revolution in England

Answer 16

Overthrowing of the Anglican Church in England (Kept Britain from paying attention to its colonies)

Question 17

The Great Awakening

Answer 17

Revival of religion in Europe and America (Brought many into the Baptist and Methodist churches)

Question 18

King Philip’s War

Answer 18

Attacks by natives on settlements in retaliation for English intrusion (Led by Metacomet/King Philip) on Pokanoket Territory

Question 19

King William’s War

Answer 19

War between the French and Natives along the Canadian border (Heightened regional anxieties)

Question 20

Pequot War

Answer 20

Attack on the main Pequot village by the Massachusetts Bay Colony (Almost destroyed the Pequot tribe) in retaliation to an attack on a settlement

Question 21

Salem Witchcraft Trials

Answer 21

Trials that condemned anyone who went against customs (mainly women who werent married, or had a strong view on rights for women) as witches and those persecuted who killed by various means

Question 22

The Starving Time

Answer 22

Period of time when the Jamestown colony was failing (Many starved, died, left the colony for native tribes, or became cannibals)

Question 23

Stono Uprising

Answer 23

First successful slave revolt in the colonies (More laws were passed to restrict slaves and prevent future uprisings)

Question 24

Anne Hutchinson

Answer 24

Opposed Puritan beliefs (Believed god's grace determined ones fate) and was exiled

Question 25

Benjamin Franklin

Answer 25

Helped with the Treaty of Paris after the American Revolution

Question 26

Calvinists

Answer 26

People who believed that God had already determined their fate and nothing could change his decision

Question 27

Congregationalists

Answer 27

Puritans who wanted to change the Church from within

Question 28

George Whitefield

Answer 28

Preached Methodism which was based off emotionalism and spirituality

Question 29

Huguenots

Answer 29

French colonists

Question 30

John Smith

Answer 30

Leader of the Jamestown colony; was sent back to England after the starving time

Question 31

Jonathan Edwards

Answer 31

Preached Calvinism during the Great Awakening

Question 32

Pilgrims

Answer 32

Puritans who settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts

Question 33

Pocahontas

Answer 33

Native Powhatan who helped establish relations with the Jamestown colony (Married John Rolfe)

Question 34

Powhatan Confederacy

Answer 34

Taught the colonists the crops and how to plant those crops

Question 35

Puritans

Answer 35

Those who opposed the Anglican church and left for the New World

Question 36

Roger Williams

Answer 36

Opposed Puritanism (Was exiled and established Rhode Island where all religions were tolerated)

Question 37

Seperatists

Answer 37

Those who abandoned the idea of reforming the Anglican Church (Radical Puritans)

Question 38

Sir Walter Raleigh

Answer 38

Leader of the Roanoke Colony

Question 39

The Chesapeake

Answer 39

The area around Virginia and Massachusetts (Produced tobacco)

Question 40

Jamestown

Answer 40

Colony in Virginia (1st successful English colony)

Question 41

The Lower South

Answer 41

Consisted of the Carolinas and Georgia (Entirely agrarian societies)

Question 42

Massachusetts Bay Colony

Answer 42

First Puritan colony (Spread to surrounding areas)

Question 43

Middle Colonies

Answer 43

Mixture of agrarian society and trade

Question 44

New England

Answer 44

Total trade colonies (Soil was too rocky to plant and harvest)

Question 45

Act of Toleration

Answer 45

Act passed that allowed the toleration of all Christian religions (Atheists and Jews were still persecuted)

Question 46

Dominion of New England

Answer 46

Placed New England under Britannic rule to prevent rebellion

Question 47

Edict of Nantes

Answer 47

Provided for religious tolerance of the Huguenots

Question 48

Fundamental Orders of Conneticut

Answer 48

1st colonial constitution

Question 49

Laws Divine, Moral, and Martial

Answer 49

Strict set of rules imposed on the Jamestown colony by John Smith

Question 50

Halfway Covenant

Answer 50

Belief that the Puritans had a covenant with god

Question 51

Maryland Toleration Act

Answer 51

Religious Toleration was allowed in Maryland

Question 52

Mayflower Compact

Answer 52

Peace agreement between the Natives and Pilgrims of the Mayflower

Question 53

Navigation Acts

Answer 53

Set of laws by Britain that governed Colonial trade (Angered colonists and whom began smuggling goods)