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AP U.S. History > Princeton: 17th & 18th Centuries > Flashcards

Princeton: 17th & 18th Centuries Flashcards

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0
Q

City Upon A Hill

A

John Winthrop’s urge for the colony to be a model for others to follow

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1
Q

Black Codes

A

Codes that were created to keep blacks in line within the colonies (prohibited reading and writing)

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2
Q

Encomiendas

A

Grants to settlers that gave authority over Native Americans

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3
Q

Evangelicalism

A

Practice of traveling and giving out sermons (Occured during both Great Awakenings to recruit new followers to churches)

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4
Q

Headright System

A

Virginian idea of giving out land to those who came to the new world (2 headrights to those already there and 1 for those who moved; helped populate the New World)

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5
Q

Indentured Servitude

A

A means of getting to the New World without paying; others paid your way in exchange for labor (Lasted 7 years before freed)

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6
Q

Joint-Stock Company

A

Company that invests in a company in hopes of a profit (Virginia Company)

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7
Q

Mercantilism

A

Exporting more than importing in order to make a profit (British use pf American colonies)

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8
Q

Middle Passage

A

Passage that brought slaves to the Americas (Many died on the ships and were sent to all agrarian colonies)

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9
Q

Proprietary Colony

A

Colony that is given to someone as a favor (King James handed out land for debts; Pennsylvania)

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10
Q

Puritanism

A

Desire to purify the Anglican church of Roman Catholic practices (Many Puritans left to make a colony in the New World)

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11
Q

Royal Colony

A

Colony that the King took ownership of i.e. Georgia, New York, Virginia, Carolinas, New Jersey

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12
Q

Salutary Neglect

A

Period when Britain paid no attention to its colonies (New England Colonies banded together and began making a new government)

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13
Q

Slavery

A

Form of labor in the colonies (Slaves were cheap, and were transported to all agrarian colonies as a means of labor)

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14
Q

Tariffs

A

Taxed placed on other countries goods (British power to tax goods that came from other countries to the Americas)

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15
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Led by Nathaniel Bacon; Group of farmers that protested the taxes placed on them and attacked Natives to hinder relations between the British and Natives

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16
Q

Glorious Revolution in England

A

Overthrowing of the Anglican Church in England (Kept Britain from paying attention to its colonies)

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17
Q

The Great Awakening

A

Revival of religion in Europe and America (Brought many into the Baptist and Methodist churches)

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18
Q

King Philip’s War

A

Attacks by natives on settlements in retaliation for English intrusion (Led by Metacomet/King Philip) on Pokanoket Territory

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19
Q

King William’s War

A

War between the French and Natives along the Canadian border (Heightened regional anxieties)

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20
Q

Pequot War

A

Attack on the main Pequot village by the Massachusetts Bay Colony (Almost destroyed the Pequot tribe) in retaliation to an attack on a settlement

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21
Q

Salem Witchcraft Trials

A

Trials that condemned anyone who went against customs (mainly women who werent married, or had a strong view on rights for women) as witches and those persecuted who killed by various means

22
Q

The Starving Time

A

Period of time when the Jamestown colony was failing (Many starved, died, left the colony for native tribes, or became cannibals)

23
Q

Stono Uprising

A

First successful slave revolt in the colonies (More laws were passed to restrict slaves and prevent future uprisings)

24
Q

Anne Hutchinson

A

Opposed Puritan beliefs (Believed god’s grace determined ones fate) and was exiled

25
Q

Benjamin Franklin

A

Helped with the Treaty of Paris after the American Revolution

26
Q

Calvinists

A

People who believed that God had already determined their fate and nothing could change his decision

27
Q

Congregationalists

A

Puritans who wanted to change the Church from within

28
Q

George Whitefield

A

Preached Methodism which was based off emotionalism and spirituality

29
Q

Huguenots

A

French colonists

30
Q

John Smith

A

Leader of the Jamestown colony; was sent back to England after the starving time

31
Q

Jonathan Edwards

A

Preached Calvinism during the Great Awakening

32
Q

Pilgrims

A

Puritans who settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts

33
Q

Pocahontas

A

Native Powhatan who helped establish relations with the Jamestown colony (Married John Rolfe)

34
Q

Powhatan Confederacy

A

Taught the colonists the crops and how to plant those crops

35
Q

Puritans

A

Those who opposed the Anglican church and left for the New World

36
Q

Roger Williams

A

Opposed Puritanism (Was exiled and established Rhode Island where all religions were tolerated)

37
Q

Seperatists

A

Those who abandoned the idea of reforming the Anglican Church (Radical Puritans)

38
Q

Sir Walter Raleigh

A

Leader of the Roanoke Colony

39
Q

The Chesapeake

A

The area around Virginia and Massachusetts (Produced tobacco)

40
Q

Jamestown

A

Colony in Virginia (1st successful English colony)

41
Q

The Lower South

A

Consisted of the Carolinas and Georgia (Entirely agrarian societies)

42
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

First Puritan colony (Spread to surrounding areas)

43
Q

Middle Colonies

A

Mixture of agrarian society and trade

44
Q

New England

A

Total trade colonies (Soil was too rocky to plant and harvest)

45
Q

Act of Toleration

A

Act passed that allowed the toleration of all Christian religions (Atheists and Jews were still persecuted)

46
Q

Dominion of New England

A

Placed New England under Britannic rule to prevent rebellion

47
Q

Edict of Nantes

A

Provided for religious tolerance of the Huguenots

48
Q

Fundamental Orders of Conneticut

A

1st colonial constitution

49
Q

Laws Divine, Moral, and Martial

A

Strict set of rules imposed on the Jamestown colony by John Smith

50
Q

Halfway Covenant

A

Belief that the Puritans had a covenant with god

51
Q

Maryland Toleration Act

A

Religious Toleration was allowed in Maryland

52
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

Peace agreement between the Natives and Pilgrims of the Mayflower

53
Q

Navigation Acts

A

Set of laws by Britain that governed Colonial trade (Angered colonists and whom began smuggling goods)

AP U.S. History (5 decks)

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