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MD2001 Week 2 > Primary Tissues > Flashcards

Primary Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What is gene expression regulated by?

A

Transcription factors

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2
Q

What are the four basic types of body tissues?

A

Epithelia

Neural

Muscle

Connective

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3
Q

What are the different functions of epithelia?

A

Secretion

Absorption

Transport

Barrier

Protection

Strength

Support

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4
Q

What is the function of microvilli?

A

Absorption

Sensing

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5
Q

What protein is contained in microvilli?

A

Actin

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6
Q

What is the function of cilia?

A

Movement

Lateral transport

Sensing

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7
Q

What is the difference between primary and motile cilium?

A

Microtubule pairs in the primary cilium do not have dynein (motor protein)

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8
Q

What are the functions of tight junctions?

A

Sealing

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9
Q

What are the functions of desmosomes?

A

Strengthen cell link

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10
Q

What are the functions of gap junctions?

A

Connect cytosols of adjacent cells for very small molecules

Communication

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11
Q

What are the functions of adherens junctions?

A

Spots of connection linking movement proteins

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12
Q

How does myelination enhance conduction in neurons?

A

It creates internodes

Multiple internodes lie beside each other

Electrical stimulation can jump pass each internode instead of passing through the whole axon

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13
Q

What Schwann cell equals one?

A

Internode

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14
Q

What creates myelination in the CNS?

A

Oligodendrocytes

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15
Q

What are the glial cells in the CNS?

A

Oligodendrocytes

Astrocytes

Microglia

Ependyma

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16
Q

What are the glial cells in the PNS?

A

Schwann cells

Satellite cells

17
Q

What are ependyma cells?

A

Lining cells of the CNS cavities

18
Q

What are astrocytes?

A

Star cells

They create the metabolic environment and give mechanical support

19
Q

What are microglial cells?

A

Macrophages of the CNS

They use phagocytosis and then use antigen presentation to stimulate other immune cells

20
Q

Why are there so many nuclei in skeletal muscles?

A

Skeletal muscle fibres originate as single cells called myoblasts

Myoblasts they fuse together creating a long single cell

21
Q

Describe cardiac muscle

A

Striated

Coordinated contraction

Involuntary control of the blood pump

22
Q

What are the linkages between cardiac muscle cells?

A

Intercalated discs

23
Q

Describe smooth muscle

A

Non-striated, produces coordinated contraction

Involuntary

Cells are spindle shaped

No striking order

Responsible for peristalsis in the gut

24
Q

What are examples of connective tissues?

A

Fibro collagenous

Cartilage

Adipose tissue

Blood

25
Q

What cells are found in fibro collagenous tissues?

A

Fibroblasts

Macrophages

Mast

Plasma

Stem

Blood

Adipocytes

26
Q

Where is loose fibrocollagenous tissues found?

A

Around epithelia/organs

27
Q

Where is dense fibrocollagenous tissue found?

A

Tendon, ligaments

28
Q

Where is reticular fibrocollagenous tissue found?

A

Liver, lymph nodes

29
Q

What are three different types of cartilage?

A

Elastic- lots of elastin

Hyaline

Fibrocartilage- lots of collagen

30
Q

What two types of fat make up adipose tissue?

A

White

Brown

31
Q

Function of white fat?

A

Energy storage, insulation and protection

32
Q

Function of brown fat?

A

Heat production

33
Q

What is the function of adipocytes?

A

To store triglycerides (fats) in the form of single large droplet

To provide mechanical protection around some major organs

Acts as an insulating layer

It also acts as a means of energy storage.

34
Q

Function of leptin?

A

Signals to the brain that the body has had enough to eat

35
Q

What is the process of brown fat to produce heat?

A

Uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria

MD2001 Week 2 (7 decks)

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