Primary Hyperaldosteronism

Question 1

What is primary hyperaldosteronism?

Answer 1

excess production of the hormone aldosterone from the adrenal glands, resulting in low renin levels. This abnormality is caused by hyperplasia or tumors.

Question 2

What are signs and symptoms?

Answer 2

Many suffer from fatigue, potassium deficiency and high blood pressure which may cause poor vision, confusion or headaches.
Symptoms may also include: muscular aches and weakness, muscle spasms, low back and flank pain from the kidneys, trembling, tingling sensations, numbness and excessive urination

Question 3

Consequences of Primary hyperaldosteronism?

Answer 3

Complications include cardiovascular disease such as stroke, myocardial infarction, kidney failure and abnormal heart rhythms.

Question 4

Causes of primary hyperaldosteronism

Answer 4

About 33% of cases are due to an adrenal adenoma that produces aldosterone, and 66% of cases are due to an enlargement of both adrenal glands.
Other uncommon causes include adrenal cancer and an inherited disorder called familial hyperaldosteronism

Question 5

Treatment

Answer 5

Some cases may be cured by removing the adenoma by surgery.
A single adrenal gland may also be removed in cases where only one is enlarged.
In cases due to enlargement of both glands, treatment is typically with medications known as aldosterone antagonists such as spironolactone or eplerenone.
Other medications for high blood pressure and a low salt diet may also be needed.
Some people with familial hyperaldosteronism may be treated with the steroid dexamethasone