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Hematology > Primary Hemostasis > Flashcards

Primary Hemostasis Flashcards

1
Q

vasoconstriction is mediated by:

A 
serotonin (platelets)
thromboxane A2 (endothelial cells)
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2
Q

this is the first response to injured vessels

A

vasoconstriction

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3
Q

this is the property of adhering to other particles, surfaces and occasional bacteria

A

platelet adhesion

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4
Q

this attaches to GP1B

A

von Willebrand factor (factor VIII:R)

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5
Q

when activated, platelets assume this shape

A

discoid to spherical

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6
Q

factors released by damaged endothelium

A 
"FCVAT"
collagen
fibronectin
VWF
thrombin
ADP
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7
Q

these are the DENSE granules

A 
CAPAS
calcium
ADP
pyrophosphate
ATP
serotonin
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8
Q

platelet secretions that promote coagulation

A 
"HM? 158"
HMWK
fibrinogen
factor V
factor VIII
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9
Q

plate let secretions that promote aggregation

A 
"PACT"
platelet factor 4
ADP
calcium
thrombospondin
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10
Q

platelet secretions that promote vasoconstriction

A

serotonin

thromboxane A2

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11
Q

platelet secretion that promotes vascular repair

A

plate derived growth factor

B-thromboglobulin

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12
Q

platelet secretion that is the precursor of plasmin

A

plasminogen

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13
Q

platelet secretion that inhibits plasmin

A

alpha-2-antiplasmin

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14
Q

platelet secretion that inhibits the complement system

A

C1 esterase inhibitor

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15
Q

constituents that promote platelet aggregation or agglutination

A 
"TEARR"
thrombin
epinephrine
ADP
reptilase
ristocetin
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16
Q

receptor to fibrinogen

A

GPIIb-GPIIIa

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17
Q

end result is the formation of fibrin clot

A

secondary hemostasis

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18
Q

normal platelet count

A

150,000 to 440,000/mm3

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19
Q

platelet structure that consists the peripheral zone of the platelet

A

glycocalyx

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20
Q

receptor of thrombin

A

GPVa

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21
Q

platelet ultrastructure that consists of microtubules and microfilaments

A

sol-gel zone

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22
Q

responsible for the circumference of the cell

A

microtubules

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23
Q

responsible for clot retraction

A

thrombosthenin AKA actomysin

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24
Q

responsible for the direct communication between intracellular and extracellular compartments

A

open canalicular system

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25
Q

this is the site of arachidonic acid metabolism and calcium sequestering pump

A

dense tubular system

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26
Q

process of nuclear splitting without cytoplasmic division

A

endomitosis

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27
Q

nucleus is horse shoe shaped

A

promegakaryoblast

28
Q

largest cell in the bone marrow

A

megakaryocyte

29
Q

1 mature megakaryocyte can yield:

A

2,000 to 7,000 platelets

30
Q

normal platelet size

A

2-3u

31
Q

maturation time of platelets (MATURATION= BONE MARROW)

A

5 days

32
Q

number of megakaryocytes contained in a normal marrow

A

15 million (5-10 megakaryoctes/ LPF)

33
Q

normal life span of platelets (LIFE SPAN=CIRCULATION)

A

8-10 days

34
Q

division of the entire population of platelets

A

1/3 in the spleen

2/3 in the circulation

35
Q

splenomegaly would cause:

A

decreased platelet count (thrombocytopenia)

36
Q

splenectomy would cause:

A

increased platelet count (thrombocytosis)

37
Q

rebound thromboCYTOPENIA occurs after:

A

platelet transfusion

38
Q

rebound thromboCYTOSIS occurs after:

A

platelet depletion

39
Q

platelet count in thrombocytopenia

A

<100,000 platelets/mm3

40
Q

consequence of excessive deposition of platelet aggregates in renal and cerebral vessels, deficiency in platelet aggregating factor inhibitor

A

thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

41
Q

platelet count of a patient with ACUTE IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA

A

<20,000/mm3

42
Q

platelet count of a patient with CHRONIC IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA

A

30,000 to 80,000/mm3

43
Q

drugs that may induce idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

A

quinidine

heparin

44
Q

platelet count in thrombocytosis

A

> 450,000/mm3

45
Q

disorder in GPIIb or GPIIIa and a defect in platelet aggregation

A

Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia

46
Q

defect in GPIb/IX complex and a defect in platelet adhesion

A

Bernard-Soulier syndrome

47
Q

disease that prevents the binding of platelets to the endothelium and a defect in platelet adhesion

A

von Willebrand disease

48
Q

platelet disorder with a normal platelet count

A

Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia

49
Q

platelet disorder with an increased mean platelet volume

A

Bernard-Soulier syndrome

50
Q

disorders that FAIL to have a NORMAL AGGREGATION PATTERN but a NORMAL RISTOCETIN

A

Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia

Bernard-Soulier syndrome

51
Q

disorders that FAIL to have a NORMAL RISTOCETIN but a NORMAL AGGREGATION PATTERN

A

von Willebrand disease

52
Q

disease characterised by decreased numbers in dense granules and has mutation in HPS1 gene

A

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome

53
Q

most definite diagnosis for Hemansky-Pudlak syndrome

A

electron microscope

54
Q

disease characterised by LYST gene

A

Chediak-Higashi syndrome

55
Q

disease characterised by mutation in WASP gene

A

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

56
Q

disease characterized by marked decrease or absence of alpha granules

A

Grey platelet syndrome

57
Q

classified as consumption coagulopathy due to depostion of large amounts of fibrin throughout the microcirculation

A

disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

58
Q

DIC caused by the extrinsic system is stimulated by:

A

tissue factor

59
Q

DIC caused by the intrinsic system is stimulated by

A

collagen

60
Q

disease characterized by abnormal collagen production resulting to defective basement membrane structure

A

Ehler-Danlos syndrome/ Marfan’s syndrome

61
Q

disease characterzed by progeressive calcification and fragmentation of elastic fibers of the skin

A

pseudoxanthoma elasticum

62
Q

most common hereditary alterations of vessel wall syndrome that causes blood vessels to become fragile, and thin

A

hemorrhagic telangietasia

63
Q

disease characterized by a blood vessel tumor

A

congenital hemagiomata

64
Q

disease characterized by defective collagen synthesis due to deficiency in VItamin C

A

scurvy

65
Q

characterized by localized purple lesions or small bruises developing on the extremities of older persons

A

senile purpura

66
Q

autoimmune vascular purpura with gastrointestinal involvement

A

Henoch’s purpura

67
Q

autoimmune vascular purpura without gastrointestinal involvement

A

Schonlein purpura

Hematology (5 decks)

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