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MTAP 2 - HEMA 2 (trans) > Primary Hemostasis > Flashcards

Primary Hemostasis Flashcards

1
Q

Steps of primary hemostasis

A

Vasoconstriction > Platelet Adhesion > Platelet Aggregation > Platelet Secretion

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2
Q

T/F: Primary hemostasis happens simultaneously

A

TRUE

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3
Q

Constriction or narrowing of the (lumen) diameter of blood vessel to decrease blood flow

A

Vasocontriction

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4
Q

What is the purpose of vasoconstriction?

A

To decrease blood flow to prevent continuous bleeding

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5
Q

This substance reside in the connective tissue will activate platelets

A

Collagen

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6
Q

Bring deoxygenated blood from body tissues to heart

A

Veins

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7
Q

Where the gas exchange happen, when venous and arterial blood components are found

A

Capillaries

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8
Q

Brings oxygenated blood from heart to body tissues

A

Arteries

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9
Q

Structure of blood vessel: outer most layer

A

Vascular adventitia

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10
Q

Structure of blood vessel: Middle layer

A

Vascular media

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11
Q

Structure of blood vessel: Inner most layer

A

Vascular intima

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12
Q

Made up of simple squamous epithelium cells which are involved in clotting process by producing and storing clotting

A

Endothelia lcells (endothelium)

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13
Q

The internal elastic lamina the supports the endothelial cells is composed of

A

Elastin and collagen

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14
Q

Veins are composed of

A

Collagen and fibroblast

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15
Q

Arteries are composed of

A

Collagen, Fibroblast and Smooth muscles

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16
Q

This cells produces majority of the collagen

A

Fibroblast

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17
Q

This matrix regulates the permeability of the inner vessel wall

A

Connective tissue matrix

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18
Q

Highly active metabolically; involved in clotting process by producing or storing clotting components

A

Endothelium

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19
Q

A reversible process where platelets stick or bind to the endothelial cells or to a non-platelet surfaces

A

Platelet Adhesion

20
Q

A membrane receptor that would expose when platelets are activated

21
Q

GP Ib will bind to the endothelium (sub-endothelial collagen) with the help of

A

Von Willebrand Factor (vWF)

22
Q

This promotes platelet adhesion

23
Q

Important components in Platelet adhesion

A

vWF and Glycoprotein membrane

24
Q
  • Absent: GP IB/IX/V Platelet membrane receptor
  • Characterized by giant platelet (giant bernie)/macrothrombocyte
A

Bernard-Soulier Syndrome (BSS)

25
Q
  • VWF is absent of defective
  • Bleeding tendencies/risk *the first lining will not be processed in the injured site
A

vWF disease

26
Q

An irreversible process where platelet stick or bind together

A

Platelet Aggregation

27
Q

Important components in Platelet aggregation

A

GP IIb/IIIa receptor, fibrinogen, calcium

28
Q

When platelets are activated, a change in GP IIb/IIIa receptor allows binding of fibrinogen as well as VWF and fibronectin which result to

A

Platelet clumping

29
Q

Fibrinogen is one of the coagulation factor known as

30
Q

Act as glue for GP IIb/IIIa receptors but with the presence or help of calcium

A

Fibrinogen

31
Q

Is also one of the coagulation factor also known as FACTOR IV but preferred to be called by its chemical name

32
Q
  • Absence of GP IIb/IIIa platelet membrane recepto
  • Problem with the aggregation process
A

Glanzmann thrombasthenia

33
Q

Lack of fibrinogen

A

Afibrogenemia

34
Q

Low levels of normal fibrinogen (functional but decrease in concentration

A

Hypofibrogenemia

35
Q

Dysfunctional or defective fibrinogen (normal in count but dysfunctional)

A

Dysfibrogenemia

36
Q

An irreversible step where platelets release alpha and dense granules

A

Platelet secretion

37
Q

Platelet a-granules (Large Molecules) examples

A
  • B-thromboglobulin
  • Factor V
  • Factor XI
  • Protein S
  • Fibrinogen
  • VWF
  • Platelet Factor 4
  • Platelet-derived Growth factor
38
Q

Platelet Dense Granules (small molecules) examples

A
  • Adenosine diphosphate (activates neighboring platelets)
  • Adenosine triphosphate
  • Calcium (Ca++)
  • Serotonin (vasoconstrictor)
39
Q

During activation ADP and Ca2+ activates

A

Phospholipase A2

40
Q

Phospholipase A2 converts membrane phospholipids to

A

Arachidonic acid

41
Q

Cyclooxygenase converts arachidonic acid to

A

Prostaglandin endoperoxidase

42
Q

In platelet : Thromboxane synthetase > prostaglandins to

A

Thromboxane A2

43
Q
  • Caused ionized calcium to be released
  • Promoted platelet aggregation
  • Promotes vasoconstriction
A

Thromboxane A2

44
Q

If this phenomena, it will permanently inactivates cyclooxygenase

A

Aspirin Acetylation/Aspirin Light Effect

45
Q

Blocks thromboxane A2 production

46
Q

Key surface for coagulation enzyme-cofactor-substrate complex formation

A

Plasma Membrane

MTAP 2 - HEMA 2 (trans) (7 decks)

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