Primary Health Care and its Relevance to FM

Question 1

4 Pillars of “Health for All”

Answer 1

1. Political and societal commitment and determination to move towards health for all as the main social target
2. Community participation, the active involvement of people, and the mobilization of societal forces for health development
3. Intersectoral coopertion b/w health sector and other key development sectors, such as agriculture, education, communications, industry, energy, transportation, public works and housing
4. Systems support to ensure that essential health care and scientifically sound, and affordable health technology are available to all people

Question 2

4-fold objective of PHC approach

Answer 2

1. To enable people to seek better health at home, in schools, in fields and in factories
2. To enable people to prevent diseases and injuries, instead of relying on doctors to cure illnesses that could have been avoided
3. To enable people to exercise their right and responsibility in shaping the environment and bringing about conditions that made it possible to live a healthy life
4. To enable people to participate and exercise control in managing health and related systems, and to ensure that the basic prerequisites and access to healthcare are available to all

Question 3

4 PHC models

Answer 3

1. Hospital -or- Clinic-based model
2. Community-oriented PHC model
3. Community-based PHC model
4. Community-managed PHC model

Question 4

Model using authoritarian in nature
Referred to as “health TO the people”
E.g. free medical missions

Answer 4

Hospital -or- Clinic-based model

Question 5

“health FOR the people”

Paternalistic in nature

Answer 5

Community-ORIENTED model

Question 6

“health WITH the people”

Democratic

Answer 6

Community-BASED model

Question 7

“health BY the people”
Health in the hands of the people
Highest and most liberating PHC model

Answer 7

Community-MANAGED model

Question 8

“Health-for-all” goals (7)

Answer 8

1. Accessibility, availability and acceptability of health services
2. Provision of high quality, basic, and essential health services
3. Community participation
4. Self-reliance
5. Recognition of inter-relationship b/w health and development
6. Social mobilization
7. Decentralization