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REVALIDA > Primary Care and Refraction > Flashcards

Primary Care and Refraction Flashcards

1
Q

Primary care exam sequence can be grouped into 4 general areas:

A

Case history
Refractive status
Binocular and accommodative status
Ocular health

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2
Q

Patients own account of information about his visual problems

A

Case history

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3
Q

Stimulus which primary drives the patient to seek ocular assistance

A

Chief complaint

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4
Q

Used to designate a group of symptoms arising from any form of functional eyestrain

A

Asthenopia

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5
Q

Ocular complains due to uncorrected EOR

A

Accommodative

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6
Q

Ocular complaints due to excessive lateral phorias or muscular deficiency

A

Motor

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7
Q

Ocular complains involving lowered ability to fuse, aniseikonic involvements

A

Integrative

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8
Q

Distance between the centers of the entrance pupils of the eye

A

Inter-pupillary distance

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9
Q

Distance between the centers of the entrance pupils of the eye

A

Inter-pupillary distance

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10
Q

PD method where the px’s fixation is the examiner’s eye for distance PD and examiner’s nose for near PD

A

Anatomical method

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11
Q

Method in taking PD where the patient is asked to fixate at the bulb

A

Catoptric method

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12
Q

Method in taking PD where the patient is asked to fixate at the bulb

A

Catoptric method

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13
Q

The point of intersection of the lines of sight of the eyes when maximum convergence is utilized

A

Near point of convergence

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14
Q

Measurement of the pupil size under constant stimulus

A

Static pupil evaluation

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15
Q

Measurement of changes in the pupil size with changes in stimulus conditions either of light or accommodation

A

Dynamic pupil evaluation

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16
Q

Normal pupil in bright light

A

2-4mm

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17
Q

Pupil size in dark light

A

4-8mm

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18
Q

Unequal size of pupil

A

Anisocoria

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19
Q

Convenient test for determining the presence of strabismus at near

A

Corneal reflex test

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20
Q

Deviation of the corneal reflex from the center of the pupil is estimated through

A

Hirschberg test

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21
Q

Assess the px’s ability to conjugate eye movements

A

Motility test

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22
Q

Movement of one eye in any direction

A

Duction

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23
Q

Binocular movements with two eyes moving synchronously in the same direction

A

Version

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24
Q

Used to determine the presence and absence of heterophoria and heterotropia

A

Cover-uncover test

25
Q

If the eye moves in upon occlusion and moves out upon exposure

A

Esophoria

26
Q

If the eye moves out upon occlusion and moves in upon exposure

A

Exophoria

27
Q

If the eye moves up upon covering and moves down upon exposure

A

Hyperphoria

28
Q

If the eye moves down upon covering and moves up upon exposure

A

Hypophoria

29
Q

Patient’s ability to change the focus of the eyes crystalline lens in response to near stimulus

A

Amplitude of accommodation

30
Q

Other methods used to determine the dominant eye:

A

Ring test
Hole in a card
Box test

31
Q

Other methods used to determine the dominant eye:

A

Ring test
Hole in a card
Box test

32
Q

Assess the integrity of the visual field corresponding to the macular region of the retina

A

Amsler test

33
Q

Types of corneal opacity

A

Nebula
Macula
Leukoma

34
Q

A slight corneal opacity or scar that obstructs vision that can only be seen by oblique illumination

A

Nebula

35
Q

Moderately dense and circumscribed whitish opacity

A

Macula

36
Q

Eye disease consisting of an opaque white spot on the cornea

A

Leukoma

37
Q

Due to Arcus sinilis or results from debris or trauma of the eye

A

Corneal haze

38
Q

Difference in color of the two irises

A

Heterochromia

39
Q

Provide clues to some retinal diseases or inherited color vision

A

COLOR VISION

40
Q

Acquired color vision anomaly that tend to cause yellow-blue anomaly

A

Lesion of the choroids

41
Q

Acquired color vision anomaly that tend to cause yellow-blue or red-green anomaly

A

Lesion of the retina

42
Q

Acquired color vision anomaly that tend to cause red-green anomaly

A

Lesion of the optic nerve

43
Q

Acquired color vision anomaly that tend to cause red-green anomaly

A

Lesion of the optic nerve

44
Q

Tremulousness of the iris on movement of the eye, occurring in subluxation of the lens

A

Iridodonesis

45
Q

Absence of some portion of the iris which may be the result of previous surgery

A

Coloboma

46
Q

Partial loss of iris due to surgery or trauma

A

Iridectomy

47
Q

Serious inflammatory dse that affects the white outer coating of the eye

A

Scleritis

48
Q

Yellowish discoloration of the sclera

A

Icteresia

49
Q

In children, what is the color of the sclera? Why?

A

Bluish because it lacks elastic fibers and it is quite thin

50
Q

In adults, the sclera is color? Why?

A

Egg shell white due to the fatty degeneration

51
Q

In adults, the sclera is color? Why?

A

Egg shell white due to the fatty degeneration

52
Q

Drooping of the upper eyelid beyond its normal position

A

Ptosis

53
Q

Acute inflammation of the edge of the lids caused by staph infection

A

Stye

54
Q

Other term for stye

A

Hordeolum

55
Q

Inflammation of the edge of the lids caused by inflamed glands of sebaceous

A

Chalazion

56
Q

Inflammation of the eyelids and the formation of dandruff-like scales on eyelashes

A

Blepharitis

57
Q

Inversion of varying number of lashes so that they rub against the cornea

A

Trichiasis

58
Q

An autosomal dominant hereditary condition occurring either unilaterally or bilaterally

A

Distichiasis

59
Q

An autosomal dominant hereditary condition occurring either unilaterally or bilaterally

A

Distichiasis

REVALIDA (9 decks)

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