Primary Bone Tumors Flashcards
Name 2 benign primary tumors of bone.
- Osteochondroma
2. Giant Cell Tumor
What is the most common benign bone tumor?
Osteochondroma
What age range is most likely affected by osteochondroma?
Males < 25 years of age
What are the characteristics of osteochondroma?
- Bony exostosis with cartilaginous (chondroid) cap
Does osteochondroma transform into osteosarcoma?
Osteochondroma rarely transforms into osteosarcoma
What age range is most likely affected by giant cell tumors?
Patients between that age of 20-40 are most likely affected by giant cell tumors.
Where are giant cell tumors likely located?
Giant cell tumors are often located in the epiphyseal end of long bones, often around the knee.
Sometimes termed osteoclastoma
What are the characteristics of giant cell tumor?
- Locally aggressive benign tumor
- “Soap bubble” appearance on x-ray
- Multinucleated giant cells
Name 2 malignant tumors of bone.
- Osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma)
2. Ewing Sarcoma
What is the second most common primary malignant tumor of bone?
Osteosarcoma (second to multiple myeloma)
What is the distribution of osteosarcoma?
bimodal distribution: 10-20 years of age are often primary, patients > 65 are often secondary
What are predisposing factors to osteosarcoma?
- Paget disease of the bone
- Bone infarcts
- Radiation
- Familial retinoblastoma
- Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (germline p53 mutation)
What are the characteristics of osteosarcoma?
- Codman triangle –> from elevation of periosteum or sunburst pattern on x-ray)
Osteosarcomas are aggressive, so how are they treated?
These tumors are treated aggressively with surgical en bloc resection (with limb salvage) and chemotherapy.
What is the likely age range of a patient affected with Ewing sarcoma?
Boys less than 15 years of age
