Primary And Secondary Research Flashcards
What is primary research
Data collected by researchers directly
Often time consuming and expensive
Data collected for a specific project or research question
All methods of data collection: interview, questionres, experimental
Data collected for a specific project or research question
What is secondary research
-uses data that is already collected and often published
-data can be obtained quickly and cheaply
-researchers have no control over how or why the data were collected
-need to consider credibility and relevance of the data
-will have been analysed at least once
-can be useful for understanding the big picture
What are secondary data sources
-government records (census or crime statistics)
-articles or journals (peer reviewed studies)
-commercial information (websites, magazines, newspaper
-shared repositories (data berry, Childes, uk data archive
Databrary
Video and audio data mostly child data
Childes
Audio or video recordings and transcripts, mostly child data with langage focus
Uk data archive
Data from many research topics
Secondary data considerations
-concerns about data confidentiality
-qualitative data may contain sensitive information
-video and audio data are hard to anonymise fully
-acknowledge the source of the data
-credibility and relevance for current research question
What is a literature review
-mainly a descriptive review about the current state of the literature on a particular topic
-does not involve a systematic search of the literature
-selection may be based on availability and/or author interest
-can be useful for providing a summary, indicating avenues for further research
Pros of literature review
-a personal choice and summary of relevant literature in the area
-excellent overview and introduction to a broad/ complex area
-conclusions are usually about theoretical development or detailed summaries of content or interventions
Cons of literature review
-lack of objectivity, concerns about bias
-lack of accuracy, missing data, publication bias
-poor method of reviewing primary data on effectiveness data (not used reliable journals with good peer review)
Systematic review
-overview of primary studies which contains a statement of objective materials and methods and has been conduced according to explicit and reproducible methodology
-reduces bias by identifying, appraising and synthesising relèvent studies on a particular topic
-often include a metal analysis comment
Meta analysis
-statistical technique which combines data from many studies and performs an analysis to give a powerful estimate of effectiveness
-greater weight is usually given to estimates of effect size that comes from large samples
-there are likely to be differences between the studies that include sample demographics and precise measures used
-can be several meta analyses on a particular topic that reach different conclusions
