Primary and Secondary Data Flashcards

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1
Q

Primary Data

A
  • Data collected by the researcher themselves
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2
Q

Advantages of Primary Data

A

+ Researcher can ensure that all data collected is relevant to the research aims.
+ Designed their own method of collecting data so is aware of any potential issues in terms of the validity of the data.

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3
Q

Disadvantages of Primary Data

A
  • More time consuming and expensive for a researcher to gather their own data.
  • Sample used is likely to be a lot smaller so the results might not be as representative than if secondary data had been used.
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4
Q

Secondary Data

A
  • Data which has been collected by someone else
    > e.g. if studying gender differences in educational attainment we might use official government statistics in the form of exam results to analyse
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5
Q

Advantages of Secondary Data

A
  • Quicker and cheaper to use secondary data as it already exists.
  • More representative sample than they would be able to get on their own
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6
Q

Disadvantages of Secondary Data

A
  • Data has not been collected with the researcher’s aims in mind
  • The researcher wasn’t present at the time of data collection and so won’t be aware of any issues with validity.
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7
Q

Meta- Analysis

A
  • Type of secondary data analysis which involves looking at several studies with the same aim.
  • General conclusions are then drawn
    > eg. Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg’s study into cross cultural differences in attachment.
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8
Q

Advantages of Meta- Analysis

A

+ More generalisable data as a number of studies with a number of participants are taken into account,
+ Conclusions may be more trustworthy (number of researchers working separately have found similar results)

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9
Q

Disadvantages of Meta- Analysis

A
  • Prone to ‘publication bias’.
    > Researchers don’t find support for their hypothesis this research is often not published (‘positive findings’)
  • The research designs of the studies might vary so much that it is not appropriate or possible to compare
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