Prevention of Eating Disorders Flashcards
What are the DSM-5 criteria for Anorexia Nervosa (AN)
- Underweight
- Intense fear of gaining weight
- Disturbance in the way in which one’s body weight or shape is experienced
They can have binge eating episodes
What are two subtypes of AN
- Restrictive subtype
* Binge/ purging subtype
What are the criteria for Bulimia Nervosa (BN)
- Objective binge eating episodes
- Inadequate compensatory behaviours
- Self- evaluation is unduly influenced by body shape and weight
Lots of eating within a time frame
What are the criteria for Binge Eating Disorder (BED)
- Recurrent episodes of binge eating
- at least 3 of the 5 following criteria:
- Eating more rapidly than normal
- Eating until feeling uncomfortably full
- Eating large amounts of food when not feeling physically hungry
- Eating alone because of embarrassment
- Feeling disgusted w/ oneself, depressed, or very guilty after overeating - Marked distress regarding binge eating is present
- No inadequate compensatory behaviors
What is the most prevalent feeding/ eating disorder?
Other specified eating and feeding disorder
What are risk factors when it comes to eating disorders
- being female
- Dieting/ eight concerns
- Body dissatisfaction
- Psychiatric comorbidity/ negative affectivity
- Negative self-evaluation
- Neuroticism
What are the risk factors with AN
- Being female
- Dieting
- Perfectionism
- OCD
What are the risk factors for Bulimia Nervosa
- Being female
- Dieting
- Psychiatric comorbidity
- Negative self-evaluation
What are the risk factors for BED
- Psychiatric comorbidity
- Stressful life events
- Critical comments about shape and weight
- Childhood obesity
- Parental demand/ family discord
What are obsessive thoughts?
- Recurrent, time-consuming, and intrusive thoughts that cause anxiety and distress
- Content of the obsession can differ, however often remarkably similar
- Obsessions and compulsions very similar to those in OCD, BDD, Autism
- High comorbidity ED, ASD, OCD and BDD
- Similar Obsessive thoughts and behaviours across disorders, like obsessions w/ symmetry
What are the controlling behaviors within eating disorders
- Body checking
- Counting (of calories)
- Rituals and rules (cutting food into small pieces before eating, arranging food, eating in specific order)
Also
- Prevention of weight gain
- Escape from or suppression of negative emotions
How does binge eating help as suppression/ escape from negative emotions
- Binge eating > escape from negative emotion
- Feeling numb
- Chewing helps to forget
- Loss of control: don’t have a choice
- I deserve something nice
- Only thing on their mind: food
- Alleviates emotional stress
- Attention is drawn away from emotional distress
- Narrowing the focus to the immediate environment > food!
What are the two stages within eating disorders
- Positive consequences
2. Negative consequences
Explain the first stage: positive consequences
Provides feelings of control and relieves anxiety short term
* Increased self esteem
* This is what I do best, better than others
* Stronger ego and identity
* Preventing weight gain
* Escape from negative emotions
etc.
Explain the second stage of eating disorders
Psychological (negative mood increases, stress, obsessive behaviors increases, more rules, problems concentrating, numb)
Social (isolation, conflict, avoidance, not being able to work)
Physical (underweight, lanugo, poor blood circulation, erythema ab ignore, teeth erosion, russells sign, swollen glands, heart and kidney problems, underweight, hypoglycaemic, osteoporosis)
