Prevention Flashcards
What is the Nikki Principle?
Building of buffering strengths
What childhood behavior did Nikki overcome?
Whining
What is a deep strategy for making therapeutic gains?
Disputation
Camus described the foremost question of philosophy as
Why shouldn’t one commit suicide
Why does Seligman argue that empirically validated therapies (EVT) are headed the wrong direction?
The practice is predicted on the medical model
What is primary prevention?
“Stop the bad before it happens”
What is an example of universal and selective prevention?
speed limits and focus on a particular at risk group
What are three outcomes of positive prevention due to law?
less frustration, increased effort, reduced suicide
What are five steps for solid prevention
Targets education about risk to be prevented.
Program must be attractive.
Clients should learn problem-solving and especially how not to regress.
Modify social support structure.
Evaluation data makes effort transparent. ( Programs for the disenfranchised need to
• appeal to different positive attractors (e.g., pride)
• use of multiracial support staff
• parent involvement
• support of surrounding community
• demonstrate cultural competence)
4 goals for Prevention for the Elderly
Screening to avoid future health challenges Removing physical hazards in the home Maximizing engagement Reducing depression (Baumgarten et al (1988) discovered adult volunteers were not as effective in generating positive outcomes as connections to relatives. )
What are 4 Caveats on Prevention
- Helping people overcome unique invulnerability (bad things happen to other people, not to me)
- Inertia and passivity this is the point of having good accountability data
- Dissemination time lag
- Some target groups not well studied (this is opportunity!
Bandura’s Self Efficacy Model, Kanfer’s 3–Stage Self-Control Model
Controlling negative cognitions through actual performance and modeling, Self-reinforcment to reduce undesired behavior
all claimed to focus on probelem rather than solution
Seligmans ABCD approach
Adversity
Belief (about underlying reason for bad event)
Consequence
Disputation (represents the critical element in which clients “dispute” counterproductive beliefs with evidence)
Lopez’s Hope Approach
Hope theory used as a pretreatment enhance psychotherapy effects
One could argue this pretreatment enhances placebo…
Advantage: Clear markers for progress made.
Minorities and prevention
They seek treatment less; They terminate earlier; They could probably make better attachment to therapists who share their ethnic background; There is dramatically little known about effectiveness with these groups.
