Exam One Flashcards
Social Construction
Reality rests in perception rather than “formal truth”, cultural values shape perceptions and “truth:(We have too many filters like gender differences)
Reality Negotiation
the process by which differing social constructions can merge to re-define a common, agreed-upon “reality”
What were the effects before and after WW2?
Before: curing mental illness (nurturing talent, good life) After: treating mental health
Work+Play+Love=
“Normalcy”- Freud
Hegelian Dialet
George Hegel
What is the eastern view of the Good Life?
“a spiritual journey involving others that results in transcendence and enlightenment”
What is the Western view of the Good Life?
optimal intrapsychic functioning with pursuit of a better life on earth
Western Influences: Athens
Plato initiated and argued for positive influence of community on character development and Artistotle elaborated moral and intellectual virtues
Western Influences: Judeo Christian
hospitatlity to the poor, ethical fairness, peace-making
Eastern Influences
common trend is balance
Becker and Maracek
say positive psych. is wrong because self-fulfillment is western/ also said its clubby and has an anthem, opportunity is not available to all and it has neglect of social institutions
The Paradox of Choice author
Schwartz
The Paradox of Choice
The more choices the worse it is
What pivotal development “derailed” the mission of psychology
toward concentrating more heavily on mental illness rather than applying psychology toward helping people lead more fulfilling lives or nurturing talent?
World War 2
Who is widely regarded as the “igniter” of interest in positive psychology?
Martin Seligman
Which is the best definition of the value of TRANSCENDENCE?
Forging appreciative connections to the larger universe
Choosing between a POSITIVE versus a PATHOLOGY perspective about how the world operates depends on your
Social constructions of the facts
Which term stands for the ability of a test to produce consistent findings over multiple administrations?
Reliability
Which term stands for the psychometric property of a test measuring what it intended to measure?
Validity
Which term represents the extent to which a concept has the same definition in two different cultures?
Construct equivalence
Which term represents the extent measurement strategies can be equally applied to two different cultures?
Metric equivalence
Which term focuses on assessing whether proper translation from an original language to a second language has occurred?
Linguistic equivalence
If I develop a new test on optimism and it shows a strong and similar result to Seligman’s Learned Optimism Inventory, which principle have I demonstrated?
Construct Validity
When I can use scores on a scale to predict performance on another behavior (e.g., job performance) or results on another test I am demonstrating
Criterion Validity
